Organic aerosol (OA) emissions from wildfires across the western United States have significant impacts on climate and air quality. Brown carbon (BrC)—the light-absorbing component of OA—has been at the...

Authentication and Authorization Infrastructures (AAIs) are single sign-on systems. Their purpose is authenticating a user once, i.e. locally at the user’s so-called home organization, and then checking authorization of requested resource accesses based on user attributes the user’s home organization delivers. AAIs are just about being widely employed, and Switzerland is playing a pioneering ro...

BACKGROUND Stanford Type B acute aortic dissection (TB-AAD) spares the ascending aorta and is optimally managed with medical therapy in the absence of complications. However, the treatment of TB-AAD with aortic arch involvement (AAI) remains an unresolved issue. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined 498 patients with TB-AAD enrolled in the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection (IRAD) be...

Atmospheric aerosols affect human health, alter cloud optical properties, influence the climate and radiative balance, contribute to cooling of atmosphere. Aerosol climatology based on aerosol robotic network (AERONET) ozone monitoring instrument (OMI) data from two locations (Urban Dhaka coastal Bhola Island) over Bangladesh was conducted for 8 years (2012–2019), focusing characterization sche...

In order to determine the wavelength dependence of fine (<1 micron) atmospheric aerosol absorption in the Mexico City area, the absorption Ångstrom exponents (AAEs) were calculated from hourly averages of aerosol absorption measured at seven wavelengths (370, 450, 520, 590, 660, 880, and 950 nm) with an aethalometer during two field campaigns, the Mexico City Metropolitan Area study in April 20...

Aristolochic acid (AA), a naturally occurring nephrotoxin and carcinogen, has been associated with the development of urothelial cancer in humans. Understanding which human enzymes are involved in AA metabolism is important in the assessment of an individual's susceptibility to this carcinogen. Using the 32P-postlabeling assay we examined the ability of enzymes of cytosolic samples from 10 diff...

Although the definition and measurement techniques for atmospheric “black carbon” (“BC”) or “elemental carbon” (“EC”) have long been subjects of scientific controversy, the recent discovery of light-absorbing carbon that is not black (“brown carbon, Cbrown”) makes it imperative to reassess and redefine the components that make up lightabsorbing carbonaceous matter (LAC) in the atmosphere. Evide...

The introduction of cloud condensation nuclei and radiative heating by sunlight-absorbing aerosols can modify the thickness and coverage of low clouds, yielding significant radiative forcing of climate. The magnitude and sign of changes in cloud coverage and depth in response to changing aerosols are impacted by turbulent dynamics of the cloudy atmosphere, but integrated measurements of aerosol...

This letter presents a near production-ready algorithm to retrieve the height of biomass burning smoke and mineral dust aerosols as part National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA)’s Deep Blue aerosol data product suite. It utilizes enhanced spectral coverage achieved by using colocated from Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Ozone Mapping Profiler Nadir Mapper (OMPS-NM), bo...

BACKGROUND Adrenaline autoinjectors (AAIs) are prescribed to facilitate the intramuscular administration of adrenaline in patients diagnosed with life-threatening anaphylaxis. This pilot study investigated the injection and functional properties of two AAIs (deploying different delivery systems) under standard conditions, after dynamic and mechanical stresses, and in the presence of denim. ME...