Vitamin D is an important calcium-regulating hormone with diverse functions in numerous tissues, including the brain. Increasing evidence suggests that vitamin D may play a role in maintaining cognitive function and that vitamin D deficiency may accelerate age-related cognitive decline. Using aging rodents, we attempted to model the range of human serum vitamin D levels, from deficient to suffi...

In this paper, an isothermal physics-based aging model from the literature is modified and extended to simulate both capacity and power fade of a commercial LiFePO4-graphite Li-ion battery. Compared to the isothermal reference, the mechanism of porosity modification due to the Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) film growth at the negative electrode is integrated in the present electrochemical a...

Increased oxidative stress is known to accelerate age-related pathologies. Beta-cryptoxanthin (β-CRX, (3R)-β,β-caroten-3-ol) is a potent antioxidant that is highly rich in Satsuma mandarin orange (mandarin), which is the most popular fruit in Japan. We investigated the antioxidative and anti-aging effects of β-CRX and mandarin using senescence-accelerated mice (SAMP10), which were characterized...

Mutations in the clk-1 gene of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans result in an average slowing of a variety of developmental and physiological processes, including the cell cycle, embryogenesis, post-embryonic growth, rhythmic behaviors and aging. In yeast, a CLK-1 homologue is absolutely required for ubiquinone biosynthesis and thus respiration. Here we show that CLK-1 is fully active when fu...

age-dependent decline in immune responses while autoimmune diseases increase in incidence. The authors hypothesize that the same defects that account for the decreased ability to generate protective immune responses also contribute to the increased risk of autoimmunity. The major risk factor for autoimmunity in old age appears to be the reshaping of the peripheral T cell receptor repertoire, wh...

Klotho, a transmembrane protein, protease, and hormone mainly expressed in renal tissue counteracts aging. Overexpression of Klotho substantially prolongs the life span. Klotho deficiency leads to excessive formation of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3), growth deficit, accelerated aging, and early death. Aging is frequently paralleled by dehydration, which is considered to accelerate the development of age-rela...

The multiple worlds of genetically manipulated laboratory organisms such as transgenic mice or worms with certain gene mutations are somewhat reminiscent of parallel worlds in quantum mechanics. So are various models of aging tested in such organisms. In this context, the tumor suppressor p53 has been found to either accelerate or delay aging, the latter, for instance, in conjunction with ARF, ...