acknowledgements i wish to express my gratitude to all those who have helped me in preparing this thesis. i would like to express my deep gratitude to my respected advisor dr. kourosh akef, whose advice and comments helped me in the early stages of the research and throughout the writing process. i would also like to express my gratitude to dr. hajar khanmohammad whose invaluable guidance he...

Introduction: Building information modeling (BIM) has become widespread in developed countries, while in Iran, BIM-based software has received less attention due to some reasons. With the increase of population and the absence of a local publication, we have witnessed constructions contrary to international standards (architecture and energy), which has led to more use of fossil fuels that woul...

according to coates’s (2004, as cited in zhang, 2010) definition of "conversational dominance" (p.111), it refers to the phenomenon of a speaker dominating others in interaction. specifically, it means how a speaker makes use of certain strategies to get the floor and maintain the floor. thus, the amount of talk is the main measurement for the dominance of the conversation. whether a speaker do...

As is understood by the Safavid documents, surely endowment has been of its most flourishing periods in that time. Safavid King have been counted as the forerunners for great endowments and, following them, many of regional rulers, men of the Court and charitable people throughout country endowed considerable parts of their properties. With regard to the extensiveness and dispersion of the stud...