Acetaminophen hepatotoxicity is the leading cause of druginduced liver failure. Despite substantial efforts in the past, the mechanisms of acetaminophen-induced liver cell injury are still incompletely understood. Recent advances suggest that reactive metabolite formation, glutathione depletion, and alkylation of proteins, especially mitochondrial proteins, are critical initiating events for th...

The Rumack-Matthew nomogram for acetaminophen toxicity was prepared using the levels of untreated patients and published in 1975. In order to determine risk, authors aimed that cause aminotransferase level increase 1,000 IU/L above (1). Thus, line presenting values 200 created. study by Rumack et al. 1981, representing 150 suggested as a safer value (2). On other hand, designed on known intake ...

A thorough understanding of the anatomy and neurophysiology of the pain response is necessary for the effective treatment of perioperative pain. This article describes the mechanisms that produce pain,including those related to inflammation. Other topics include the pharmacologies of nonopioid and opioid analgesics. Nonopioid analgesics can be separated into two categories: nonsteroidal anti-in...

MATERIALS AND METHOD Liver is an essential organ for the detoxification of ingested chemicals and play pivotal role in various biochemical and physiological processes hence liver toxicity is one of the major causes for the withdrawal of newly discovered molecules. Peculiar characteristics viz. high fecundity rate, transparent eggs, less maintenance cost, livelihood in E3 medium without external...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To compare outcomes after acute acetaminophen poisoning in 2 large cohorts of patients treated with either the 20-hour intravenous or 72-hour oral acetylcysteine protocol. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study with historical control comparing patients treated with one of 2 acetylcysteine regimens. Data for the 20-hour group were obtained from a medical record revi...

Acetaminophen hepatotoxicity is the leading cause of drug-induced liver failure. Despite substantial efforts in the past, the mechanisms of acetaminophen-induced liver cell injury are still incompletely understood. Recent advances suggest that reactive metabolite formation, glutathione depletion, and alkylation of proteins, especially mitochondrial proteins, are critical initiating events for t...

BACKGROUND The leaves of Folium Syringae (FS) have been long used as a traditional Chinese folk medicine for their anti-inflammatory effect, utilized as an antibacterial and antiviral treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential hepatoprotective effects of FS on acetaminophen-induced hepatic injury in primary hepatocytes and mice. METHODS Hepatocytes obtained by the i...