Objective. To describe the epidemiologic, clinical, neuroimaging, and laboratory features; treatment; and outcome in a cohort of children with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). Methods. A 6-year retrospective chart review of children with the diagnosis of ADEM was conducted. Results. Eighteen cases were identified. Sixteen patients (88%) presented in either winter or spring. Thirteen...

OBJECTIVE To describe the epidemiologic, clinical, neuroimaging, and laboratory features; treatment; and outcome in a cohort of children with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). METHODS A 6-year retrospective chart review of children with the diagnosis of ADEM was conducted. RESULTS Eighteen cases were identified. Sixteen patients (88%) presented in either winter or spring. Thirtee...

Though the indication mentioned for resorting to plasmapheresis in the report is the unaffordability of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy, I wish to highlight other important reasons for preferring plasmapheresis over IVIG. Firstly, IVIG is known to exert its immunomodulatory effects for a prolonged period of time. The mean duration of action of IVIG is 53 days and the half life of immu...

Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) may be associated with viral triggers, including both infections and vaccinations. We present a case of a healthy immunocompetent 33-year-old woman who developed a hemorrhagic LETM 2 weeks after seasonal influenza vaccination. Hemorrhagic LETM has not to our knowledge been reported after influenza vaccination. It may represent a forme fruste v...

OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency, etiology (viral infection or vaccination), presenting signs and symptoms, response to therapy, complication and course of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in our hospitals. METHODS A 2-year retrospective, descriptive, chart review of children with final diagnosis of ADEM in 2 hospitals (Hazrat Rasool and Mofid in Tehran, Iran during 2000-2002) ...

PURPOSE To review the frequency, distribution, and extent of deep gray matter disease in children with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. METHODS The MR examinations of 10 patients, who were discharged with the clinical diagnosis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis between 1986 and 1992, were retrospectively reviewed. Locations of abnormal signal in the cerebral and cerebellar cortices...

Background: Asymptomatic hemorrhagic transformation infarct (AHTI) is known as a complication of ischemic attack and maybe occurs in the entire stroke. However, the role of AHTI in the result of the treatment is still not clear, because it is based on the definition of an asymptomatic and not identifiable. The aim of this study was assessment and evaluation frequency of AHTI in acute ischemic s...

For the growing number of patients suffering from post-COVID-19 syndrome, there is little definitive guidance for treatment protocols or prognosis. Neurologic manifestations following acute COVID-19 infection are continually surfacing in literature, with fatigue being most common persistent symptom. This case study follows a 44-year-old female experiencing debilitating and neurologic symptoms p...

Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte (MOG)-positive cases have a variable clinical presentation. MOG autoantibodies are associated with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, multiple sclerosis, clinically isolated syndrome, neuromyelitis optica, optic neuritis, and transverse myelitis. Our patient had bilateral neuritis tetraparesis. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed leptomeningeal contras...

southeast of iran is an endemic area for malaria and crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever ( cchf). in 1999, we faced with an outbreak of cchf in sistan and baluchistan province, in the border of paki­stan and afghanistan. the most cases of malaria in iran are also reported from this area. this arti­cle presents a 17-year- old woman who admitted to our hospital because of acute fever, head­ache, epis...