Black patients receiving dialysis for end-stage renal disease in the United States have lower mortality rates than white patients. Whether racial differences exist in mortality after acute renal failure is not known. We studied acute renal failure in patients hospitalized between 2000 and 2003 using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample and found that black patients had an 18% (95% confidence interva...

Acute renal failure can be defined as an abrupt decline in renal function with a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) resulting in the retention of nitrogenous waste products. Acute renal failure has conventionally been classified as (a) prerenal failure, denoting a disorder in the systemic circulation that causes renal hypoperfusion. Implicit in the prerenal classification is that the ...

Acute renal failure is a well-recognized complication of acute leukaemias. Howevcr, serious renal failure caused by leukaemic infiltration as a primary manifestation is unusual. Here we report two patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia presenting with acute renal failure due to leukaemic infiltration. The first patient died before the administration of specific therapy for leukaemia, where...

OBJECTIVES Reports indicate some differences in the outcome of prolonged arterial hypotension due to cardiogenic shock: acute renal failure in older and more often functional oliguria in younger patients. The aim of the study is to analyze prolonged hypotension due to acute myocardial infarction in older and younger patients and to answer the question: does prolonged hypotension, due to acute m...

N Engl J Med 2004;351:159-69. Copyright © 2004 Massachusetts Medical Society. cute renal failure occurs in approximately 19 percent of patients with moderate sepsis, 23 percent with severe sepsis, and 51 percent with septic shock when blood cultures are positive (Tables 1 and 2). 1,2 A progressive increase in the acute respiratory distress syndrome also occurs with moderate and severe sepsis an...

OBJECTIVE Acute renal failure remains a major challenge in critical care medicine. Both neutrophils and chemokines have been proposed as key components in the development of acute renal failure. Although the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) is present in several tissues and a highly specific ligand for various chemokines, its exact role in vivo remains unclear. DESIGN Prospective,...

Electrical injuries due to high-tension voltage (>1000 volts) cause destruction at the point of contact with massive necrosis of deeper structures such as muscles, vessels and nerves. Rhabdomyolysis due to massive breakdown of skeletal muscles may lead to acute renal failure secondary to myoglobinuria. The study was undertaken to observe the correlation of renal complications with extent and pr...

Acute renal failure can be caused by calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), due to arteriolopathy and altered tubular function. Within this context, we present the case of a 14-month-old liver transplant recipient who suffered an acute polyuric renal failure during a short episode of hypercaloric feeding. In our case, CNI-induced distal RTA led to nephrocalcinosis and therefore to secondary nephrogenic...

Acute interstitial nephritis is a relevant cause of acute renal failure. Drugs are the predominant cause, followed by infections and idiopathic lesions. Acute interstitial nephritis as a form of hypersensitivity reaction is an uncommon manifestation in the setting of human parasitic infections. We present a case of acute interstitial nephritis in association with Giardia infection in a 54-year-...