Adequate nutritional support is necessary to maintain protein stores and to correct pre-existing or disease-related deficits in lean body mass. The objectives for nutritional support for patients with acute renal failure (ARF) are not much different from those with other catabolic conditions. The principles of nutritional support for ARF, however, differ from those for patients with chronic ren...

Acute renal failure (ARF) markedly sensitizes mice to endotoxin (LPS), as evidenced by exaggerated renal cytokine/chemokine production. This study sought to further characterize this state by testing the following: 1) does anti-inflammatory heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) upregulation in selected ARF models prevent this response? 2) Is the ARF hyperresponsive state specifically triggered by LPS? 3) Doe...

BACKGROUND A prognostic scoring system for hospital mortality in acute renal failure (Stuivenberg Hospital Acute Renal Failure, SHARF score) was developed in a single-centre study. The scoring system consists of two scores, for the time of diagnosis of acute renal failure (ARF) and for 48 h later, each originally based on four parameters (age, serum albumin, prothrombin time and heart failure)....

OBJECTIVE To determine the etiology and outcome of Acute Renal Failure (ARF) in pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN A case series. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Nephrology Department of the Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, from August 2007 to July 2008. METHODOLOGY Pregnant women who were healthy previously and had developed ARF, diagnosed on oliguria (urine output <400 ml/day) and mounting...

Acute renal failure (ARF) remains a major clinical challenge, especially in the intensive care setting. Mortality of ARF combined with acute lung injury (ALI) is even higher and may reach 80%. Recent studies have suggested a remote effect of ARF on pulmonary homeostasis. However, it is unknown whether and to what extent ARF clinically affects pulmonary function, in particular oxygenation. For e...

Seventeen Sprague-Dawley rats had ischemic nonoliguric acute renal failure (ARF) induced by vascular clamping resulting in their preischemic blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels of 16 +/- 1 and 0.56 +/- 0.05 mg/dl to increase to 162 +/- 4 and 8.17 +/- 0.5 mg/dl, P < 0.001, respectively, at day 4 of postischemia. Vessel dilator, a 37-amino-acid cardiac peptide hormone (0.3 microg x kg...

The annual incidence is about 150 per million in the UK, but this figure is six times greater in the >80 years old group. Prerenal azotemia is considered as the most serious reason in community or hospital acquired acute renal failure (ARF). A 67-year-old middle age male was admitted to the hospital with a chief complaint of generalized weakness, volume depletion and dysuria. He has treated wit...

BACKGROUND Acute deterioration of renal function is an important side-effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, especially if accompanied by other nephrotoxic events. Angiotensin II receptor(1) blockers (ARB) are thought to have fewer side-effects on renal perfusion and function. We examined the effects of valsartan (VAL) on kidney function as well as the contribution of the nit...

BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) is a commonly encountered hematological malignancy with significant renal involvement and often presents as renal failure. The aim of the present study is to analyze clinical spectrum of acute renal failure (ARF) in patients with MM. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed 26 (males 24; females 2) patients of multiple myeloma who were referred for evaluation of ARF b...

Kwon O, Hong S-M, Sutton TA, Temm CJ. Preservation of peritubular capillary endothelial integrity and increasing pericytes may be critical to recovery from postischemic acute kidney injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 295: F351–F359, 2008. First published June 18, 2008; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.90276.2008.—Decreased renal blood flow following an ischemic insult contributes to a reduction in glomerul...