The specific electric conductivity of molten HgI2-HgBr2 and Hgl2-Sbl3 binary mixtures was measured as a function of composition and temperature in the ranges 220 — 540 °C and 180 to 540 °C, respectively. In the HgI2-HgBr2 system negative deviations from additivity are found in mixtures rich in HgBr2, and positive ones in those rich in Hgl2 . The positive deviations are more pronounced at higher...

We introduce ‘subgroup additivity’ as our main axiom and investigate its implications for the queueing problem. The axiom of subgroup additivity requires that a rule assigns the same expected ‘relative’ utility to each agent whether an agent’s expected relative utility is calculated from the problem involving all agents or from its sub-problems with a smaller number of agents. As a result, we p...

Adaptation is a central topic in theoretical biology, of practical importance for analyzing drug resistance mutations. Several authors have used arguments based on extreme value theory in their work on adaptation. There are complications with these approaches if fitness is additive (meaning that fitness effects of mutations sum), or whenever there is more additivity than what one would expect i...

The present paper extends previous efforts to compare models of additivity of masking in normal and impaired listeners to measures of loudness. A model that provides a good account of additivity of masking for normal and impaired listeners, the modified power-law model with compressed internal noise, also provides a good description of basic loudness data from normal and impaired listeners. Thi...

De Finetti would claim that we can make sense of a draw in which each positive integer has equal probability of winning. This requires a uniform probability distribution over the natural numbers, violating countable additivity. Countable additivity thus appears not to be a fundamental constraint on subjective probability. It does, however, seem mandated by Dutch Book arguments similar to those ...

We explore the applicability of an additive treatment of substituent effects to the analysis and design of HIV protease inhibitors. Affinity data for a set of inhibitors with a common chemical framework were analyzed to provide estimates of the free energy contribution of each chemical substituent. These estimates were then used to design new inhibitors whose high affinities were confirmed by s...