Distributed power generation-electricity generation that is produced by many small stationary power generators distributed throughout an urban air basin-has the potential to supply a significant portion of electricity in future years. As a result, distributed generation may lead to increased pollutant emissions within an urban air basin, which could adversely affect air quality. However, the us...

Quantification of exposure to traffic-related air pollutants near highways is hampered by incomplete knowledge of the scales of temporal variation of pollutant gradients. The goal of this study was to characterize short-term temporal variation of vehicular pollutant gradients within 200-400 m of a major highway (>150 000 vehicles/d). Monitoring was done near Interstate 93 in Somerville (Massach...

Human exposure to air pollution in many studies is represented by ambient concentrations from space-time kriging of observed values. Space-time kriging techniques based on a limited number of ambient monitors may fail to capture the concentration from local sources. Further, because people spend more time indoors, using ambient concentration to represent exposure may cause error. To quantify th...

I n the Western world the role of air pollution in the initiation of respiratory disease in children is contentious [1]. There is good evidence that air pollution can trigger symptoms in susceptible children but its contribution to the pathogenesis of childhood respiratory disorders, such as asthma, remains unclear. There has been considerable interest in traffic-related pollutants and studies ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In many places in Europe, the ambient air pollution exceeds the levels considered to be safe for health. The objective of the paper is to review and summarise the methods of assessment of its impact on health, and to indicate the contributions of various research disciplines, particularly environmental epidemiology. METHODS The framework for assessment of impact is b...

Statistical data analysis on toxicity for air pollution problems is studied for the atmosphere with the various pollutant’s observations. In this paper Kriging techniques are explained for pollutant concentration, also forecast by Kriging methods. Approximate function called as system function is obtained by these techniques. An approach is mentioned for calculating weights for the given data. ...

BACKGROUND Few studies have been conducted to investigate the impact of extreme cold events on mortality in subtropical regions. OBJECTIVE In the present study we aimed to investigate the effects of the 2008 cold spell on mortality and the possibility of mortality displacement in three subtropical cities in China. METHODS Daily mortality, air pollution, and weather data were collected from ...

BACKGROUND Both outdoor air pollution and extreme temperature have been associated with daily mortality; however, the effect of their interaction is not known. METHODS This time-series analysis examined the effect of the interaction between outdoor air pollutants and extreme temperature on daily mortality in Shanghai, China. A generalized additive model (GAM) with penalized splines was used t...

Maintaining healthy forests is the major objective for the Forest Service scientists and managers working for the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Air pollution, specifically ozone (O3) and nitrogenous (N) air pollutants, may severely affect the health of forest ecosystems in the western U.S. Thus, the monitoring of air pollution concentration and deposition levels, as well as studies focused on...

BACKGROUND With the rapid development of China's economy, air pollution has attracted public concern because of its harmful effects on health. METHODS The source apportioning of air pollution, the spatial distribution characteristics, and the relationship between atmospheric contamination, and the risk of exposure were explored. The in situ daily concentrations of the principal air pollutants...