Ref2: The following is a review of the manuscript, “The effects of convection on new particle formation in the free troposphere: Case studies” by Benson et al. This review pertains to a revised version of the manuscript. The case studies in this revision are improved and provide a clearer representation of the relationship between air history and new particle formation. However, the discussion ...

Airlines are the least protable node in the aviation value chain, well behind global distribution systems, travel agencies, MRO rms, and ground handlers. Historically, airline companies have been early adopters of technology and they are now striving to modernize their legacy processes and systems. Digital technologies have been at the forefront of the transformational shift to customer-centr...

Fuel is a major cost expense for air carriers. A typical airline spends 10% of its operating budget on the purchase of jet fuel, which even exceeds its expenditures on aircraft acquisitions. Thus, it is imperative that fuel consumption be managed as wisely as possible. The implementation of Flight Operations Quality Assurance (FOQA) programs at airlines may be able to assist in this management ...

In the past, companies transformed their business primarily through pushing their efficiency to extreme limits, often through streamlining their tactical operations and strategic offerings. For example, Google’s search engines have become amazingly efficient in searching through large amounts of data using their patented system called PageRank. In seconds, the search engine presents us with res...

The Crew Rostering Problem considers the assignment of the crew staff to a set of pairings covering all the scheduled flights so that operations costs are minimized while its solution must meet hard constraints resulting from the safety regulations of Civil Aviation as well as from the airlines’ internal agreements. Another goal is of the highest interest for airlines: since the overall satisfa...

The airline industry has shown significant growth in the last decade according to some indicators such as annual average global air traffic passenger demand and rate transport fleet. This inevitable progress makes challenging forces companies produce a range of solutions that increase consumer loyalty brand. These reduce high costs encountered operations, prevent delays planned departure times,...

Next to fuel costs, crew costs are the largest direct operating cost of airlines. Therefore much research has been devoted to the planning and scheduling of crews over the last thirty years. The planning and scheduling of crews is usually considered as two problems: the crew pairing problem and the crew assignment (rostering) problem. These problems are solved sequentially. In this paper we foc...

This paper presents several very interesting diagnostics for a comprehensive process-oriented validation of CCMs and CTMs in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS) and their application to the GMI CTM. It hence is a valuable contribution to ongoing validation activities within the different communities (e.g. QUANTIFY or CCMVal). However, the presentation and discussion of some diagnost...

Airline disruption management traditionally seeks to address three problem dimensions: aircraft scheduling, crew and passenger in that order. However, current efforts have, at most, only addressed the first two dimensions concurrently do not account for propagative effects uncertain scheduling outcomes one dimension can have on another dimension. In addition, existing approaches airline include...

Broadly defined, revenue management (RM) is the process of maximizing revenue from a fixed amount of perishable inventory using “market segmentation” and “demand management” techniques. While RM is not new (in fact it is as old as commerce, e.g., haggling in a market can be considered a form of RM), the theory and practice of RM have seen significant scientific and practical advances in the las...