Many previous studies have shown that land use patterns are the main factors influencing soil infiltration. Thus, increasing soil infiltration and reducing runoff are crucial for soil and water conservation, especially in semi-arid environments. To explore the effects of agroforestry systems on soil infiltration and associated properties in a semi-arid area of the Loess Plateau in China, we com...

Forced alternation and left-right discrimination tasks using the T-maze have been widely used to assess working and reference memory, respectively, in rodents. In our laboratory, we evaluated the two types of memory in more than 30 strains of genetically engineered mice using the automated version of this apparatus. Here, we present the modified T-maze apparatus operated by a computer with a vi...

Regrouping is common practice when managing dairy cow groups, and it known to have disruptive effects on behavior production. The presence of a small group familiar cows upon regrouping may provide social support mitigate some the negative effects. In this study we investigated (1) how affects relationships among (2) if prefer individuals over unfamiliar ones as partners after regrouping. We us...