1. Maternal effects describe how mothers influence offspring life histories. In many taxa, maternal effects arise by differential resource allocation to young, often identified by variation in propagule size, and which affects individual traits and population dynamics. 2. Using a laboratory model system, the soil mite Sancassania berlesei, we show that, controlling for egg size, older mothers l...

Male and female offspring can differ in their susceptibility to pre-natal (e.g. egg quality) and post-natal (e.g. sib-sib competition) conditions, and parents can therefore increase their individual fitness by adjusting these maternal effects according to offspring sex. In birds, egg mass and laying/hatching order are the main determinants of offspring viability, but these effects can act diffe...

With increasing demand for data transfer requirements on wireless networks, spectrum became a scarce resource due to inefficient allocation and management. Recent research efforts diverted the problem towards dynamic spectrum access models for effective utilization of the unused or idled spectrum. The models include overlay/underlay techniques by designing the framework to improve the spectrum ...

introduction: in spite of improving the water productivity due to development in water infrastructure systems, population increasing causing the water withdrawal is triple in the last fifty years. in this situation competition on water consumption especially in the agricultural sector which is the biggest consumer in the world and also in iran is a severe problem. water allocation has been asse...

credit allocation through the usage of portfolio optimization mainly seeks tomaximize return and minimize the risk of the portfolio; but there are other importantissues including sustainable development which is important for government/publicsectors. this paper presents a novel credit allocation approach based on portfoliooptimization and investigates the effects of selected indicators of sust...

Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) is a method that can be used to generate word association networks from unstructured text documents. However, no study has yet examined the applicability of LDA for deriving product associations from user-generated content. In this work, we apply LDA on 9,529 unstructured and uncategorized McDonald’s product reviews that were crawled from a German online review...

In this paper, the performance of the soft-decision-andforward (SDF) protocol in the cooperative communication network with one source, one relay, and one destination, where each node has two transmit and receive antennas, is analyzed in terms of the bit error rate (BER) obtained from the pairwise error probability (PEP). Using the moment generating function and Q-function approximation, the PE...

This paper is focused on designing two parallel dot product implementations for heterogeneous master-worker platforms. These implementations are based on the data allocation and dynamic load balancing strategies. The first implementation is the dynamic master worker with allocation of vectors where the master distributes vectors (data) and computations to the workers whereas the second one is t...

Components cannot be manufactured according to the required nominal dimensions due to inherent variations in workmanship, materials and machine tools. Tolerance specification of part dimensions affects the performance, quality and cost of a product. The proper distribution of tolerance, known as tolerance allocation, reduces the manufacturing cost of a product. Thus, researchers in this field a...

Tolerance allocation is the process of determining allowable dimensional variations in products (parts and subassemblies) and processes (fixtures and tools) in order to meet final assembly quality and cost targets. Traditionally, tolerance allocation is conducted by solving a single optimization problem. This “all-in-one” (AIO) approach may not be desirable or applicable for various reasons: th...