AIM to analyze the role of allopurinol in reducing the ischemia-reperfusion injury, and to confirm the HIF-1 binding activity changes during the surgical correction of tetralogy of fallot (TF). METHODS randomized, double-blind experimental study on patients undergoing surgical correction of TF in the Integrated Cardiovascular Services, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from September 2009-May 2010....

Abstract Background Gout, the most common inflammatory arthritis in USA, represents an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease and coronary artery mortality. In addition, patients with gout experience increased non-fatal myocardial infarction, while they might also feature stroke. Recent real-world data highlight association between atrial fibrillation, which inevitably augments burd...

BACKGROUND Gout is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with poor urate metabolism. Xanthine oxidase inhibitors such as allopurinol and febuxostat are recommended to reduce uric acid levels and to prevent gout attacks in adult patients. Under budget-driven constraints, health care payers are faced with the broader challenge of assessing the economic value of these agents for formulary pl...

A recent study has demonstrated that gout significantly increases the risk of death or rehospitalization in patients suffering from heart failure. The study also found that long-term use of the drug allopurinol can significantly ameliorate the risks of recurrent cardiac events in heart failure patients suffering from gout. The study was presented at the recent American Heart Association annual ...

A fixed drug eruption (FDE) is characterized by the presence of a solitary or multiple, pruritic, well-circumscribed, erythematous plaques. These lesions have tendency to recur at same sites and heal with residual hyperpigmenation. With repeated attacks, the size and/or number of the lesions may increase. So far, more than 100 drugs have been implicated in causing FDEs, including ibuprofen, sul...

Oxygen derived free radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis in numerous animal models of the disease. The xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol has been shown to attenuate pancreatic damage in canine and mouse models of acute pancreatitis presumably by preventing the generation of cytotoxic superoxide anions. We therefore examined whether allopurinol could atten...

The mechanism of tissue and cell injury in ischaemic bowel necrosis is unclear. The present study investigated the role of oxygen derived free radicals in the development of bowel necrosis using injections of platelet activating factor (PAF) into the mesenteric vasculature. Animals were pretreated with allopurinol or superoxide dismutase together with catalase, before administration of PAF. Sup...

In a previous issue of the journal, Becker and colleagues present efficacy and safety data from a large study comparing febuxostat to allopurinol. The study showed non-inferiority of febuxostat 40 mg/day in lowering serum urate compared to allopurinol 200 to 300 mg/day. More importantly, the study showed a similar frequency of important cardiovascular adverse events (cardiovascular death, nonfa...

BACKGROUND Hyperuricemia is reported to be related to rapid progression of renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Allopurinol, a uric acid lowering agent, protects renal progression. However, it is not widely used in patients with CKD because of its serious adverse event. Febuxostat can be alternatively used for patients who are intolerable to allopurinol. We aimed to det...

BACKGROUND In patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), hyperuricemia is a common finding and is associated with reduced vasodilator capacity and impaired peripheral blood flow. It has been suggested that the causal link of this association is increased xanthine oxidase (XO)-derived oxygen free radical production and endothelial dysfunction. We therefore studied the effects of XO inhibition wi...