Generating solutions to anagrams leads to a memory advantage for those solutions, with generated words remembered better than words simply read. However, an additional advantage is not typically found for solutions to difficult anagrams relative to solutions to easy ones, presenting a challenge for the cognitive effort explanation of the generation effect. In the present series of experiments, ...

Unfulfilled goals persist in the mind, as asserted by ample theory and evidence (e.g., the Zeigarnik effect). The standard assumption has been that such cognitive activation persists until the goal is fulfilled. However, we predicted that contributing to goal pursuit through plan making could satisfy the various cognitive processes that usually promote goal pursuit. In several studies, we activ...

In three experiments, we investigated Hebb repetition learning (HRL) differences between children and adults, as a function of the type of item (lexical vs. sub-lexical) and the level of item-overlap between sequences. In a first experiment, it was shown that when non-repeating and repeating (Hebb) sequences of words were all permutations of the same words, HRL was slower than when the sequence...

The article deals with specifying the level of development mental operations senior pupils disorders (MD). To study methods general and special psychology have been applied. These adapted according to geographical material peculiarities cognitive activity children MD. One hundred twenty 9th grade involved into research. methodology by E. Rogova “Exclusion words” used evaluate pupils’ skills gen...

This study investigates the post-performance effects of stereotype threat. Undergraduate students (N = 130) classified as either stronglyor weaklyidentified with academics were told a diagnostic anagram task either typically shows poorer performance for their gender (stereotype threat) or no gender differences (no stereotype threat), and received arbitrary positive or negative feedback on an in...

ABSTRACTThis article investigates the use of online-based application "WordWall Games" as a vocabulary learning tool. The research aims to observe participants' ability enhance pronunciation, memorize vocabulary, and construct words into sentences. This study addresses three questions: How is design WordWall games beneficial for developing students' vocabulary?; integrated teaching?; do student...

There is to date no comprehensive theoretical account of how PTSD develops in children. Theories of adult PTSD (e.g. Brewin, Dalgleish & Joseph, 1996, Ehlers & Clarke, 2000) exist yet their applicability to childhood PTSD is somewhat limited, as they fail to account for the developmental level of the child and the child’s context (dependency on their parent/s). Previous research in the field ha...

BACKGROUND The syndrome of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is diagnosed when a gradual failure of word usage or comprehension emerges as the principal feature of a neurodegenerative disease. OBJECTIVE To provide a quantitative algorithm for classifying PPA into agrammatic (PPA-G), semantic (PPA-S), and logopenic (PPA-L) variants, each of which is known to have a different probability of ass...

Malcode hidden in otherwise normal appearing public documents provide both convenient and stealthy means for attackers to penetrate systems. By exploiting the ubiquitous and object-oriented approach of modern document applications and formats, malcode can reach third-party applications that may harbor exploitable vulnerabilities otherwise unreachable by network-level service attacks: by clickin...

Self-control can be defined as the ability to exert control over ones impulses. Currently, most research in the area relies on self-report. Focusing on attentional control processes involved in self-control, we modified a spatial selective attentional cueing task to test three domains of self-control experimentally in one task using aversive, tempting, and neutral picture-distractors. The aims ...