The main goal of this manuscript is to review different treatment strategies and mechanisms for combating the antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) in the wastewater environment. The high amount of antibiotics is released into the wastewater that may promote selection of ARB and ARGs which find their way into natural environments. Emerging microbial pathogens...

The renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) have proven benefit in reducing cardiovascular events in patients at high risk. Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) have been demonstrated to have benefit in the management of heart failure and to be non-inferior to ACEi in pat...

Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Antihypertensive Drug Use, Blood Pressure Variability, and Stroke Risk in Older Adults: Three-City Cohort Study” We thank Nagai et al for their commentary on our blood pressure variability (BPV) study, which reported that β-blocker and angiotensin-II receptor blocker (ARB) use increased stroke risk, especially the ischemic stroke subtype. Our study did not...

BACKGROUND Chinese and U.S. guidelines recommend angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) for all patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the absence of contraindications as either a Class I or Class IIa recommendation. Little is known about the use and trends of ACEI/ARB therapy in China over the past decade. METHODS AND RESULTS Using n...

BACKGROUND Conflicting data exist regarding a potential deleterious association between aspirin (ASA) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) when used concurrently in patients with heart failure (HF). How such an interaction may be influenced by underlying etiology of HF and whether it extends to patients treated with angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), however, are not known. ...

Safe and effective ingredients capable of removing undesired hyperpigmentation from facial skin are urgently needed for both pharmaceutical and cosmetic purposes. Deoxyarbutin (4-[(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl) oxy] phenol, D-Arb) is a glucoside derivative of hydroquinone. Here, we investigated the toxicity and efficacy of D-Arb at the sub-cellular level (directly on melanosomes) and skin pigmentat...

A growing number of human infections incriminate environmental bacteria that have evolved virulent mechanisms to resist amoebae and use them as a replicative niche. These bacteria are designated amoeba-resisting bacteria (ARB). Despite the isolation of these ARB in various human clinical samples, the possible source of infection remains undetermined in most cases. However, it is known that the ...

A time-resolved immunofluorometric assay (IFMA) is described for quantifying the ovarian carcinoma-associated antigenic determinant CA 125 in human serum. Monoclonal antibody to CA 125 is immobilized onto a microtiter well, and the same antibody labeled with a europium chelate is used as a tracer. After the immunoreaction the bound portion of the labeled antibody is quantified by dissociating t...

AIMS The aim of this study was to determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin-II receptor blocker (ARB) use is associated with lower rates of cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) but without heart failure (HF) receiving contemporary medical management. METHODS AND RESULTS Using data from the Reduction of Atherothrombos...

Accumulative roll-bonding (ARB) is a severe plastic deformation process that is using rolling to produce ultrafine grains in coarse grained metallic materials. In this study, ARB has been applied on 70/30 brass up to 6 cycles at ambient temperature and non-lubricated conditions to apply a true strain up to 4.8 Von Mises strain. Microstructures of ARBed brass samples were characterized by scanni...