BACKGROUND 'Typical' angina is often used to describe symptoms common among men, while 'atypical' angina is used to describe symptoms common among women, despite a higher prevalence of angina among women. This discrepancy is a source of controversy in cardiac care among women. OBJECTIVES To redefine angina by (1) qualitatively comparing angina symptoms and experiences in women and men and (2)...

BACKGROUND Proinflammatory cytokines play a role in acute coronary events. However, the potential role of antiinflammatory cytokines in the modulation of the atherosclerotic process remains unknown. Interleukin (IL)-10, which is expressed in human atherosclerotic plaques, has potent deactivating properties in macrophages and T cells. The aim of this study was to assess whether serum concentrati...

OBJECTIVE To discriminate between chronic inflammation and acute activation of the plaque immune response in culprit lesions of patients with acute coronary syndromes. DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING Tertiary referral centre. SUBJECTS 71 patients having coronary atherectomy were classified according to their ischaemic syndrome: stable angina (n = 23); stabilised unstable angina (n = 1...

BACKGROUND Although angina is often caused by atherosclerotic obstruction of the coronary arteries, patients with similar amounts of myocardial ischemia may vary widely in their symptoms. We sought to compare clinical and psychosocial characteristics associated with more frequent angina after adjusting for the amount of inducible ischemia. METHODS AND RESULTS From 2004 to 2006, 788 consecutiv...

BACKGROUND Initial diagnosis of angina in primary care is based on the history of symptoms as described by the patient in consultation with their GP. Deciphering and categorising often complex symptom narratives, therefore, represents an ongoing challenge in the early diagnosis of angina in primary care. AIM To explore how patients with a preexisting angina diagnosis describe their symptoms. ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prognosis of angina among people with and without diagnosis by a doctor and an abnormal cardiovascular test result. DESIGN Prospective cohort study with a median follow up of 11 years. SETTING 20 civil service departments originally located in London. PARTICIPANTS 10 308 civil servants aged 35-55 years at baseline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Recurrent reports of ...

Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been widely used as an adjunct to western medicine in treating angina in China. We carried out this systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of CHM on top of western medicine for angina. This meta-analysis included 46 randomized control trials with 4212 patients. For trials that included stable angina patients, the CHM group had significant lower inciden...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine if ranolazine improves angina in stable coronary patients with persisting symptoms despite maximum recommended dose of amlodipine. BACKGROUND Ranolazine is a unique antianginal agent that has been effective in stable angina, but it has not been studied in the setting of maximum recommended doses of conventional antianginal agents. METHOD...

BACKGROUND Unstable angina is associated with enhanced lipid peroxidation and reduced antioxidant defenses. We have previously reported aspirin failure in the suppression of enhanced thromboxane (TX) biosynthesis in a subset of episodes of platelet activation in this setting. We tested the hypothesis that the in vivo formation of the F(2)-isoprostane 8-iso-prostaglandin (PG)F(2alpha), a bioacti...

BACKGROUND The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between coronary artery disease (CAD), angina, and clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction enrolled in the irbesartan in patients with heart failure and preserved systolic function (I-Preserve) trial. METHODS AND RESULTS The mean follow-up period for the 4128 patients enrolled in I-Pre...