background: parasitic nematodes cause animal and human diseases of major socio-economic importance worldwide. the suppression of parasite development at particular developmental stages could provide an alternative approach for nema-tode control. in this study, ascaris suum was used as a model system in the study of the differentially expressed genes in the infective l3 stage. methods: the gene ...

to achieve the desired level of animal performance providing animal food supplies containing mineral elements is essential. for this purpose, mineral elements of 8 important rangeland species, including ferula ovina, prangus uloptera, medicago sativa, lotus goeblia, trifolium montanum, melilotus officinalis, sanguisorba minor and stachys inflate, were measured at different growth stages in the ...

Successful anther/microspore culture largely depends on the use of microspores at appropriate developmental stages at the time of culture, which can be specific for each plant species and genotype. This study was carried out to determine the correlation between morphological characteristics, namely floral bud (FB) length and width and anther length, and specific microspore developmental stages ...

Over the last century, mammalian embryos have been used extensively as a common animal model to investigate fundamental questions in the field of developmental biology. More recently, the establishment of transgenic and gene-targeting systems in laboratory mice has enabled researchers to unveil the genetic mechanisms underlying complex developmental processes (Mak, 2007). However, our understan...

DNA methylation as epigenetic mark plays a key role in normal differential and developmental processes as well as in dynamic gene regulation at the genomic level. To assess DNA methylation pattern in different developmental stages of Aeluropus littoralis, methylation sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) was used. Methylation and demethylation status at the CCGG recognition site were...

The developing cardiovascular system is known to operate normally in a hypoxic environment. However, the functional and ultrastructural recovery of embryonic/fetal hearts subjected to anoxia lasting as long as hypoxia/ischemia performed in adult animal models remains to be investigated. Isolated spontaneously beating hearts from Hamburger-Hamilton developmental stages 14 (14HH), 20HH, 24HH, and...

to describe the morphological and histological changes during the annual reproductive cycle of the gonads of cyprinion tenuiradius, a total of 341 specimens (102 female and 235 male specimens) were collected monthly from the rudbal river (in the qarah aghaj sub-basin, the persian gulf basin), firuzabad, fars province, southern iran. the randomly sampling was adequate to collect males and female...

BACKGROUND Knowledge of the relationship between accumulated thermal units and developmental stages of Chinook salmon embryos can be used to determine the approximate date of egg fertilization in natural redds, thus providing insight into oviposition timing of wild salmonids. However, few studies have documented time to different developmental stages of embryonic Chinook salmon and no reference...