One of the prevailing characteristics of natural life is autonomy. The field of Artificial Life has so far addressed the notion of autonomy mostly in terms of power and behavior. In this paper we attempt to extend the notion of autonomy to include also design and fabrication: We claim that not only should artificial creatures be able to operate untethered and without external guidance, but they...

Charles Darwin’s 1859 work On the Origin of Species contained no equations. But that does not mean mathematics has no role to play in the science of life; in fact, the field of biomathematics is burgeoning and has been for several decades. Ian Stewart’s new book does an admirable job of unfolding the mathematics undergirding so much of the research being carried out today in themany fields that...

A fundamental obstacle in evolutionary simulations is the necessity of designing more complex simulations to elicit more complex behaviors. We use a combat-based fitness measure to attempt to circumvent this problem. We have designed a simulation that simultaneously evolves the brains and bodies of creatures for one-on-one combat in a threedimensional environment with realistic physics. By givi...

" It is impossible to say how the idea first entered my brain; but once conceived, it haunted me day and night. I think it was his eye! yes, it was this! He had the eye of a vulture-"-Edgar Allan Poe, " The TellTale Heart " Strikingly different animals have more in common than meets the eye. Animal architecture is guided by many conserved regulators, among them homeobox genes that have related ...

muslim scholars and islamic official institutions consider human cloning as opposing religious doctrine, and forbidden. their ideas are based upon some theological and juridical arguments, including: posing a challenge to the creative power of god, breaking the tradition of marriage, breaking the tradition of diversity in creatures or species, making changes in divine creatures, game with creat...

as we all know, human beings and animals in their life sometimes encounter with hardships and pains, while they were not culpable. some of the motazela and emamiyeh’s theologians called this pains “the primary pains” and they generally regard them as a good events, because they are coming from allah. in this respect (goodness of the primary pains) there are two different ideas: the first one th...

Abstract. The Tempest, the last work entirely attributed to William Shakespeare, has been subject many studies and interpretations, ranging from adventure Shakespeare's biography colonialism cultural revolution, is studied in this paper context of naturally occurring hazards. play tells story a magician, Prospero, his daughter who are shipwrecked on an unknown island where they encounter strang...

Here we propose a scenario to simulate sign processing in virtual creatures inhabiting a world of predatory events. In order to infer the minimum organizational constraints for the design of our creatures, we examined the well-studied case of semiosis in East African vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) and its possible neuroanatomical substrates. This approach allowed us to simulate a case ...

Many forcing notions obtained using the creature technology are naturally connected with certain integer games.