OBJECTIVE To estimate the annual cost of temporary work disability (TWD) caused by musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) in Spain and its variations between regions (autonomous communities: ACs) and paying institutions. METHOD Descriptive study of the costs of MSD-related TWD in ACs in 2007. The Spanish National Institute of Social Security (NISS) provided aggregate data. Extrapolations to the rest...

The annual death numbers of influenza and pneumonia in Norway were studied for the time period 1980-2000. No direct relationships were found with the variations of the annual UVB fluences, probably due to the fact that these variations did not exceed 30%. However, there was a very pronounced seasonal variation of both influenza deaths and pneumonia deaths, the vast majority occurring during the...

An improved land–ocean global monthly precipitation anomaly reconstruction is developed for the period beginning in 1900. Reconstructions use the available historical data and statistics developed from the modern satellite-sampled period to analyze variations over the historical presatellite period. This paper documents the latest in a series of precipitation reconstructions developed by the au...

The breeding biology of Lophortyx californicus in North America has been described by Sumner (1935), Olading (1938), Howard and Emlen (1942), Oenelly (1955), Raitt (1960) and Lewin (1963); in the Hawaiian Islands by Schwartz and Schwartz (1949) and in New Zealand by Williams (1952,1959). Much more local information has now been gathered and this paper is concerned mainly with annual and local v...

Seasonal variations in the Earth’s gravitational field arc investigated through the analysis of LAGEOS I satellite laser ranging measurements and are compared with those produced by atmospheric mass redistribution as inferred from global surface pressure data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalyses. The effect of oceanic tides and groundwater are considered as w...

The isotopic ratios ‘so I60 and ‘3C/‘zC show an annual periodicity in the coral Montastrea / annularis from Bermuda, Jamaica and Barbados. The abundances of i*O and i3C are positively correlated in the Jamaica and Barbados samples, but inversely related in the Bermuda sample. Annual high density growth bands are formed during the season of warmest water temperature at all 3 sites and are enrich...

We compare Northern Hemisphere energy-balance-model temperature calculations to an annual temperature reconstruction based on 20 tree-ring width records from latitudinal and elevational treeline sites in northern North America, Scandinavia, Siberia and Mongolia for the past three centuries. The energy-balance model uses three primary forcings; solar, volcanic, and anthropogenic trace gas and ae...

Several studies have examined the link between climate and health, mainly focusing on the short term impacts of extreme temperatures. This paper analyzes instead the long term relation between climate variability and health using Swedish temperature and mortality data for the period 1751-2004 using different time scales. We find that periods with higher temperature are associated with lower mor...

This study examines the relationship between ownership structure and the financial performance of listed firms in the financial sector of the Nigerian economy. To achieve the objective of this study, a total of 31 selected listed firms in the Nigerian stock exchange market were used. Also, the corporate annual reports for the period 2006-2010 were analyzed. This paper basically modeled the corp...