The author's objective here is to explain the emergence of chemistry as an integral and distinctive scholarly discipline around 1600. It is clear that during the seventeenth century chemistry grew in strength and independence as a subject of instruction, with the production of an ongoing didactic tradition, even though it is usually held that it did not reach scientific maturity until the end o...

Fluctuating Cooper pairs formed by spatially separated electrons and holes are precursors of their equilibrium condensation. Their presence strongly impacts transport phenomena interlayer tunneling in double-layer systems above the transition temperature. Here, we consider a hybrid graphene/quantum-well system focus on dynamics fluctuating conventional Dirac holes. We demonstrate that chiral na...

The phonon renormalization across the semiconductor-to-metal crossover in FeSi is investigated by inelastic neutron scattering combined with ab initio lattice dynamical calculations. A significant part of reciprocal space a particular focus on $110\ensuremath{-}001$ plane mapped time-of-flight data taken below and above crossover. Individual momentum values are more detail as function temperatu...

Vascular variations and the accidental cutting of veins and arteries potentially create problems during surgery and medical treatment. The surgeon's awareness of a vascular variation in the kidneys is essential during renal surgery and transplantation, color Doppler imaging, gonadal surgery and in the presence of an abdominal aortic aneurism. This awareness can improve the patient's recove...

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This article aims at showing that the meaning of ‘presence’ is closely linked to the concept we have of reality, in particular, to the ontology which we more or less explicitly adopt, and that different ontological positions generate different definitions of ‘presence’, ‘telepresence’ and ‘virtual presence’. This leads us to propose a ‘cultural’ concept of presence as a social construction, bas...

With the increase of computer game users, violent games have attracted attention because of their potential for effects on user behaviors. However, as most violent game studies have focused mainly on aggression, there are relatively few studies about the advertising effects in violent games. Based on the General Aggression Model (GAM), this study investigated whether sensory realism cues (blood...