Although the development of modern medicine has helped us detect and treat diseases better than in the past, especially in the field of surgery; the history of medicine may be a trigger that can help us use neglected aspects of prior knowledge for the advancement of modern-day science. Since historical papers that have specifically focused on anorectal diseases are rare, but those that exist co...

PURPOSE To evaluate an experimental model for anorectal anomalies and their principal associated malformations induced by ethylene thiourea (ETU). METHODS Rat fetuses were utilized, divided into two groups: experimental group - fetuses from rats that received ETU on the 11th day of gestation at the dose of 125 mg/kg, diluted in distilled water to 1% concentration (12.5 ml/kg); and control gro...

Treatment of perianal fistulas in Crohn's disease should be defined on an individual basis. A combined medical and surgical approach is the optimal treatment. Adequate management of perianal fistula disease is based on the presence or absence of active proctitis, anatomic location, and fistula type. Furthermore, the presence of perianal abscesses must be ruled out. This evaluation includes digi...

Vestibular fistula represents the most common type of anorectal defect seen in girls with anorectal malformation. Adult presentation of this malformation is rare. The following is a case of adult presentation of anorectal malformation with a vestibular fistula in a 23 years old female, who came because of cosmetic and fertility concerns before her marriage. The patient complained of having an a...

The urogenital tract is the most severe and common site of associated defects in anorectal malformations (ARM). Urogenital anomalies and their complications significantly increase the morbidity in these children after the ARM is corrected. The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence of different types of urogenital anomalies with various types of anorectal malformations and to discu...

evidence acquisition a wide variety of treatment regimens exist for acne vulgaris including benzoil peroxide, retinoids, isotretinoids, keratolytic soaps, alpha hydroxy acids, azelaic acid, salicilic acid as well as hormonal, anti-androgen or antiseborrheic treatments. however, none of these methods is free of side effects and their exact role in therapy is not clear. in this paper apart from p...

abstract we had two cases of female complicated anorectal and genital malformations which underwent total mobilization of all structures of perinea to midline. case1: a 6 month old female with skin covered bladder, pubic diastasis, ectopic anus, vagina, and urethra to the right side of median cleft and lipoma on the left side. closure of pubic diastasis with iliac osteotomy and double barrel si...

We report two cases of rectal malignant melanomas. The patients were an 84-year-old male and a 66-year-old female who had blood in their stools. They were preoperatively diagnosed with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the rectum. The clinical diagnosis for each was rectal carcinoma at stage IIIc according to the tumor-node-metastasis classification (6th edition), and the patients underwe...

Anorectal melanoma is an uncommon and aggressive mucosal melanocytic malignancy. Due to its rarity, the pre-operative diagnosis remains difficult. The first symptoms are non-specific such as anal bleeding, anal mass or pain. Although anorectal melanoma carries a poor prognosis; optimal therapeutics strategies are unclear. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment. The optimal surgica...

correlation between sacral ratio and bowel function as well as fecal continence has been well documented in patients with anorectal malformations (arms). one hundred and twenty children with arms were investigated in this study. sacral ratio (sr) was measured from pelvic x-rays of patients. among these, 52 patients (43%) had no pelvic x-ray and were excluded from this study. sr was measured by ...