Neutrophils play an important role in intestinal inflammation by interacting with intestinal epithelial cells. In this study, we evaluated neutrophil adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells using intestinal epithelial cell line HT29 stimulated with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and histamine for a short time (30 min). The TNF-alpha and histamine stimulation markedly increased neutroph...

BACKGROUND In addition to its anticoagulant properties, heparin has anti-inflammatory effects, the molecular and mechanistic bases of which are incompletely defined. AIMS The current studies were designed to test the hypothesis that heparin abrogates the expression or function of leucocyte-endothelial adherence molecules which are fundamental to the acute inflammatory response. METHODS The ...

Intradermally injected tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) mimics the effects of UV B light (UVB) radiation and neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha antibodies abolish the deleterious effects of UVB on induction of contact hypersensitivity suggesting that TNF-alpha is the major mediator of UVB effects on cutaneous immunity. In the present study we have shown that in lipopolysaccharide-sensitive inbr...

Short- and long-term anti tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) therapy in Crohn's disease is generally well tolerated. However, clinicians must be vigilant for the occurrence of infrequent but serious events. Antibodies to infliximab interfere with the safety and efficacy of the drug and may lead to infusion reactions, loss of response, and delayed serum sickness-like reactions. The optimal ...

Migration from sites of antigen encounter to lymphoid organs is essential to the strong immunogenic function of dendritic cells (DC). In the skin, migration proceeds through dermal lymphatic vessels and is regulated in an incompletely understood way by inflammatory mediators. We studied the effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) in mouse skin organ c...

In recent years, the effectiveness of anti-TNF therapy in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has become apparent. While trials of IL-1 receptor antagonist in RA have been encouraging, it clearly is more difficult to target two molecules (IL-1 alpha and beta) than one (TNF-alpha). In his review article, Professor Wim van den Berg argues that both TNF-alpha and IL-1 must be blocked in RA and that...

The current study was conducted to elucidate the mechanism through which TNF-alpha stimulates expression of MUC1, a membrane-tethered mucin. A549 human lung alveolar cells treated with TNF-alpha exhibited significantly higher MUC1 protein levels in detergent lysates compared with cells treated with vehicle alone. Increased MUC1 protein levels were correlated with significantly higher levels of ...

TNF alpha mRNA and protein biosynthesis were examined in the adult feline heart after stimulation with endotoxin. When freshly isolated hearts were stimulated with endotoxin in vitro, de novo TNF alpha mRNA expression occurred within 30 min, and TNF alpha protein production was detected within 60-75 min; however, TNF alpha mRNA and protein production were not detected in diluent-treated hearts....

The migration of epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) to lymph nodes (LN) is critical in the initiation of contact hypersensitivity (CHS) responses. Studies suggest that contact allergen-induced epidermal proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1 and TNF-alpha, play important roles in promoting LC migration. Contact allergens also induce epidermal anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10. Since IL-...

Aspirin has been reported to inhibit the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) through stabilization of inhibitor kappaB (IkappaB). This observation led us to investigate the role of aspirin in suppressing the activation of the NF-kappaB-regulated tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene expression in primary macrophages. We now report that therapeutic doses of aspirin suppress li...