Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of DNA was used to detect the etiologic agent of murine typhus, Rickettsia typhi, in experimentally infected adult fleas. A primer pair derived from the 17-kilodalton antigen sequence of typhus and spotted fever group rickettsiae was used to amplify a 434-base-pair (bp) fragment of the genome of the murine typhus rickettsiae. The amplified 17-kiloda...

CFP32 is a Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex-restricted secreted protein that was previously reported to be present in a majority of sputum samples from patients with active tuberculosis (TB) and to stimulate serum antibody production. CFP32 (originally annotated as Rv0577 and also known as TB27.3) was therefore considered a good candidate target antigen for the rapid serodiagnosis of TB. Howe...

The emergence of West Nile (WN) virus in New York and the surrounding area in 1999 prompted an increase in surveillance measures throughout the United States, including the screening of sentinel chicken flocks for antibodies. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of chicken immunoglobulin M (IgM) to WN virus was developed, standardized, and characterized as a rapid and ...

Plasma lipoprotein(a), Lp(a), is the most important known genetically controlled independent risk factor for the prediction of early atherosclerosis (AS) and coronary artery disease (CAD) in a significant subpopulation of Caucasians. A sensitive, specific 'capture' enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is reported for the assay of human plasma Lp(a). There is no interference from low densit...

BACKGROUND The inefficiency of the current tachyzoite antigen-based serological assays for the serodiagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection mandates the need for acquirement of reliable and standard diagnostic reagents. Recently, epitope-based antigens have emerged as an alternative diagnostic marker for the achievement of highly sensitive and specific capture antigens. In this study, the diagn...

Serum samples of 474 wild birds, 378 horses, and 42 humans with meningitis and lymphocytic meningitis were collected between 2010 and 2014 from different areas of Poland. West Nile virus (WNV) antibodies were detected using competition enzyme linked immunosorbent assays: ELISA-1 ID Screen West Nile Competition, IDvet, ELISA-2 ID Screen West Nile IgM Capture, and ELISA-3 Ingezim West Nile Compac...

a 1:1 matched case-control study of calves under 1 month of age was carried out by weekly visits to 7 dairy farms in mashhad from may 2008 to october 2008. fecal samples were collected from a total of 112 calves with clinical signs of diarrhea and from 112 matched animals without clinical signs of diarrhea as assessed by a scoring system. the samples were investigated for the presence of rotavi...

Nanotechnology-based techniques are being widely evaluated in medical testing and could provide a new generation of diagnostic assays due to their high degrees of sensitivity, high specificity, multiplexing capabilities, and ability to operate without enzymes. In this article, we have modified a nanoparticle-based biobarcode amplification (BCA) assay for early and sensitive detection of HIV-1 c...