neonatal conjunctivitis (ophthalmia neona-tarum) continues to involve many neonates in areas with no eye prophylaxis. povidone iodine solution is an effective antimicrobial agent with broad antibacterial and antiviral activity and it is less expensive and less toxic than the other agents. it seems to be a good alternative for routine eye prophylaxis, especially in developing countries. in a pro...

OBJECTIVES It was the aim of this study to evaluate the efficacy of single-dose fosfomycin prophylaxis as an alternative to fluoroquinolone-based prophylaxis in transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate (TRUSBP). METHODS We evaluated the records of 620 patients who had undergone TRUSBP from January 2010 to July 2011. Patients received a single dose of 3 g oral fosfomycin or a singl...

Approximately one third of children who have a urinary tract infection — the most frequent serious bacterial infection in young febrile children — have vesicoureteral reflux, a congenital condition in which the urine flow is retrograde from the bladder toward the kidneys during micturition. Data from observational studies and animal models support the hypothesis that children with vesicouretera...

The ASHP Therapeutic Guidelines on Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Surgery, which have provided practitioners with standardized effective regimens for the rational use of prophylactic antimicrobials, have been revised as described in this document on the basis of new clinical evidence and additional concerns. Recommendations are provided for adult and pediatric patients (1 to 21 years of age), inc...

OBJECTIVE To study the adherence to local hospital guidelines for antimicrobial prophylaxis in surgery, and explore reasons for non-adherence. METHODS A prospective, multicentre audit of elective procedures, without prior suspicion of infection, was carried out in 13 Dutch hospitals. By reviewing medical, anaesthetic and nursing records, and medication charts, the prescription of antibiotics ...

for the RIVUR Trial Investigators Since publication of their article, the authors report no further potential conflict of interest. 1. Hoberman A, Keren R. Antimicrobial prophylaxis for urinary tract infection in children. N Engl J Med 2009;361:1804-6. 2. Ingelfinger JR, Stapleton FB. Antibiotic prophylaxis for vesicoureteral reflux — answers, yet questions. N Engl J Med 2014;370:2440-1. 3. Nel...

After many years of experience in surgery, a series of recommendations have been created by a group of European specialists to improve the quality of perioperative care and maximize postoperative outcomes. Early mobilization and oral feeding, preoperative oral intake of carbohydrate-rich fluids, proper fluid and pain management, intensive postoperative nausea and vomiting prophylaxis, and antim...