Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) is a ligand of toll-like receptor (TLR) 3 that has been used as an immunostimulant in humans and mice against viral diseases based on its ability to enhance innate and adapt immunity. Antiviral effect of poly(I:C) has also been observed in teleost, however, the underling mechanism is not clear. In this study, we investigated the potential and signalin...

During the initial stages of this program1-3), we discovered that 1-N-(higher-acyl)-3"-N-substituted kanamycin A derivatives exhibited the remarkable antiviral activity against not only herpes simplex virus type I Miyama (HSV-I) but also influenza virus A/PR8 (influenza virus). Among these analogs, 1-N-palmitoyl-3"-N-(trifluoroacetyl)kanamycin A dihydrochloride (12) was found to show both antiv...

Developing Antiviral Coatings In article number 2202161, Tan Hu, Michaela Kaganovich, Meital Reches, and colleagues describe the self-assembly of two extremely short peptides, DOPA-Phe DOPA-Phe(4F), into spherical nanoparticles with excellent antiviral activity. When applied on a surface by drop-casting, these peptide assemblies form transparent coating that deactivate both DNA- RNA-based virus...

BACKGROUND Exacerbations of asthma and COPD are triggered by rhinoviruses. Uncontrolled inflammatory pathways, pathogenic bacterial burden and impaired antiviral immunity are thought to be important factors in disease severity and duration. Macrolides including azithromycin are often used to treat the above diseases, but exhibit variable levels of efficacy. Inhaled corticosteroids are also read...

Phosphonopropoxymethyl-guanine is the methylene phosphonate analogue of acyclovir. Although not highly active against HSV, 4-38 microM of phosphonopropoxymethyl-guanine has been reported to be active against human and murine cytomegalovirus. Recently we found that cidofovir, when esterified with alkoxyalkyl moieties, showed greatly increased antiviral activity against cytomegalovirus, herpes si...

Methylenecyclopropane nucleosides have been reported to be active against many of the human herpesviruses. The most active compound of this class is cyclopropavir (CPV), which exhibits good antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), Epstein-Barr virus, both variants of human herpesvirus 6, and human herpesvirus 8. CPV has two hydroxymethyl groups on the methylenecyclopropane ring,...

The recent great advances in medical treatment and scientific technology include the many antiviral agents that have been developed and are used for treatment of infectious diseases, but such advances have also provoked the appearance of resistant virus strains. Therefore, the development of new antiviral agents with diverse kinds of antiviral actions is required. The search for new antiviral a...

Since years ago, phytopharmaceutical drugs have been used by various societies, as a traditional treatment. Echinacea purpurea (Asteraceae) is the best known of the dozen or so species of the genus Echinacea, a group of perennial prairie wildflowers native to the central grasslands of North American. E. purpurea is cultivated widely throughout the United states, Canada and Europe, although it h...

A series of novel unsaturated five-membered benzo-heterocyclic amine derivatives were synthesized and assayed to determine their in vitro broad-spectrum antiviral activities. The biological results showed that most of our synthesized compounds exhibited potent broad-spectrum antiviral activity. Notably, compounds 3f (IC50=3.21-5.06 μM) and 3g (IC50=0.71-34.87 μM) showed potent activity towards ...

Anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (ALF) is a small protein with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, which has potential application in the disease control. Previously, we isolated seven ALF isoforms from the Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis. In the present study, their distributions in tissues of shrimp were analyzed and the data showed that different isoforms had different expression pr...