Introduction: Among the endocrine diseases, hypothyroidism is the commonest after diabetes.Thyroid hormones (T3,T4) are essential for genital organs function. Apoptosis process in ovarian cells plays a significant role of development in ovarian follicles. The aim of the present study was determine the apoptotic index induced by hypothyroidism in rat ovarian follicles. Materials and Method...

In recent years, periapical surgery has evolved thanks to new diagnostic and technical advances. A review is made of the literature on periapical surgery of the antral teeth, based on a Medline search and on the revision of Spanish dental journals in the period between 1974 and 2003. The anatomy of the maxillary sinus is discussed, along with the diagnosis of periapical lesions and the relation...

There is evidence that gastric Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection promotes duodenal ulceration by releasing gastrin. We therefore asked how Hp releases gastrin. Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is up-regulated in Hp gastritis and stimulates hormone release from pituitary cells, so we tested its effect on primary cultures of canine antral G cells and human antral fragments. TNF-alpha pre...

The effect of metoclopramide on gastroduodenal and gallbladder contractions in the dog has been studied. It increased the strength of antral contractions and produced stronger, more regular, duodenal contractions; these tended to follow those of the antrum, providing evidence of the dominance of antral contraction rate over that of the duodenum. In the absence of spontaneous antral activity, th...

Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) syndrome represents a rare cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. More extensive small-bowel involvement must be excluded in those patients with GAVE syndrome in whom aggressive endoscopic treatment of antral lesions results in lack of control of digestive bleeding, and for this subset of patients videocapsule endoscopy examination should be considered. Howev...

Recent studies indicate that the antral follicle population may be of paramount importance to improve reproductive performance in cows. There is already an agreement that the antral follicle count (AFC; follicles ≥3 mm in diameter) is a highly variable trait among animals, but with high repeatability in the same individual. Thus, females can be classified into low, intermediate or high AFC. Sev...