INTRODUCTION Erythrocytes carry apolipoprotein B on their membrane, but the determining factors of erythrocyte-bound apolipoprotein B (ery-apoB) are unknown. We aimed to explore the determinants of ery-apoB to gain more insight into potential mechanisms. METHODS Subjects with and without CVD were included (N = 398). Ery-apoB was measured on fresh whole blood samples using flow cytometry. Subj...

During the differentiation of human enterocytes, the secretion of apolipoprotein B is switched from the apoB-100 form seen almost exclusively in fetal cells to the apoB-48 form seen almost exclusively in adult cells. This switch is accomplished by the post-transcriptional editing of the messenger RNA for apoB-100. We report that a similar switch occurs during the differentiation of the human co...

We investigated the relationship of apoB/apoA1 ratio and coronary heart disease (CHD) in persons who were overweight or obese. The subjects were divided by the body mass indexes (BMI) into the normal weight group (n=397, BMI<24 kg/m(2)) and the overweight group (n=400, BMI>24 kg/m(2)). Our results showed that the over-weight group had higher blood pressure [(130.15±19.01) mmHg vs (123.66±18.70)...

CONTEXT The mechanisms responsible for impaired chylomicron metabolism have not been adequately investigated in obese subjects. OBJECTIVE We aimed to compare apolipoprotein (apo) B-48 kinetics in obese and lean men by developing a new model to describe the kinetics of apoB-48 particles in the postprandial state. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS Seven obese and 13 age-matched lean men were give...

LDL from human apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) transgenic (HuBTg+/+) mice contains more triglyceride than LDL from normolipidemic subjects. To obtain novel monoclonal antibody (MAb) probes of apoB conformation, we generated hybridomas from HuBTg+/+ that had been immunized with LDL isolated from human plasma. One apoE-specific and four anti-apoB-100-specific hybridomas were identified. Two MAbs,...

Apo-E-deficient apo-B100-only mice (APOE:(-/-)APOB:(100/100)) and LDL receptor-deficient apo-B100-only mice (LDLR:(-/-)APOB:(100/100)) have similar total plasma cholesterol levels, but nearly all of the plasma cholesterol in the former animals is packaged in VLDL particles, whereas, in the latter, plasma cholesterol is found in smaller LDL particles. We compared the apo-B100-containing lipoprot...

A method has been described for the measurement of apoB concentration and specific activity in very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) during metabolic studies. For measurement of specific activity, apoB was separated from other apolipoproteins and lipids by precipitation in, and subsequent washing with, isopropanol. For determination of apoB concentration, equal v...

BACKGROUND Hyperhomocysteinemia is an important risk factor for vascular disease and atherosclerosis, but the mechanisms by which homocysteine exerts its deleterious effects are not known. Because oxidation and/or homocysteinylation may increase atherogenicity of LDL, we investigated S-homocysteinylation of LDL as a possible contributor to atherosclerosis pathogenesis. METHODS We used capilla...

In the present study, the effects of taxifolin, a plant flavonoid, on lipid, apolipoprotein B (apoB), and apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) synthesis and secretion were determined in HepG2 cells. Pretreatment of cells with (+/-)-taxifolin led to an inhibition of cholesterol synthesis in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with an 86 +/- 3% inhibition at 200 microM observed within 24 h. As to the mecha...

Discovery of the ileal apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) permitted development of specific inhibitors of bile acid reabsorption, potentially a new class of cholesterol-lowering agents. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that combining the novel ASBT inhibitor, SC-435, with the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, atorvastatin, would potentiate reductions in LDL cholestero...