Aqueous solutions of ethoxylated alcohols which form lyotropic liquid crystals at high concentrations (40-80%) were selected as model lubricating substances. Microscopic studies under polarized light and viscosity measurements were carried out in order to confirm the presence of liquid crystalline structures in the case of alcohol solutions with ethoxylation degrees of 3, 5, 7 and 10. Microscop...

OBJECTIVE PADMA 28 is a multicompound preparation of 20 herbs, calcium sulphate, and camphor, derived from Tibetan medicine. It is usually used in the treatment of peripheral circulatory disorders, accompanied by the symptoms tingling, formication, heaviness and tenseness in arms and legs, numbness in hands and feet, and cramps in the calf. Recently, the question of whether appropriate preparat...

By combining the experimental small- and wide-angle x-ray scattering (SWAXS) method with molecular dynamics simulations theoretical ‘complemented-system approach’ it is possible to obtain detailed information about intra- inter-molecular structure of solvation hydration surfactant in organic mixed solvents, e.g., nonionic Brij 35 (C12E23) alcohols aqueous alcohol-rich ternary systems. This firs...

This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of aqueous 60% ethanol extracts Allium ochotense Prokh. against alcohol-induced cytotoxicity as well on activities alcohol-metabolic enzymes. Antioxidant were analyzed using 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazl, ferric reducing power, malondialdehyde assays, found that both exhibited consid...

The ability to change the acidity of an aqueous solution within the time of a short laser pulse and use the resulting low pH to drive acid-catalyzed reactions in the irradiated volume opens news perspectives for the spatial and temporal control of a variety of processes. Persistent and reversible acidification of an aqueous solution is achieved with a new molecule, 1-(2-nitroethyl)-2-naphthol, ...

The thermal denaturation of lysozyme in aqueous alcohol solutions has been investigated through ultraviolet difference spectrophotometry and optical rotation measurements. Alcohols used were CH30H, C2H50H, and C3H70H; concentrations up to 50% (v/v) of alcohol in water were employed. It was found that upon increasing the size or the concentration of the aliphatic alcohol, the denaturation temper...

Although reactive halogen species (X*=X, •X−2 , X2 and HOX, where X=Br, Cl, or I) are important environmental oxidants, relatively little is known about their kinetics in condensed phases such as seawater and sea-salt particles. Here we describe a new technique to determine reactive chlorine and bromine species in aqueous solutions by using allyl alcohol (CH2=CHCH2OH) as a chemical probe. This ...

After complete solubilization by the direct method, porcine pepsin was not released from AOT in isooctane reverse micelles even under aqueous-phase conditions which would not ordinarily allow uptake. Similarly, bovine chymosin, once forward-transferred at a pH below its isoelectric point, was not back-transferred into an aqueous contact phase buffered at a pH value above its isoelectric point. ...

We report the results of x-ray reflectivity measurements of thin films formed by different water-soluble proteins at the air-aqueous solution interface. It is demonstrated that glucose oxidase, alcohol dehydrogenase, and urease molecules denaturate at the air-aqueous solution interface to form 8- to 14-A-thick peptide sheets. X-ray reflectivity data indicate that the spreading of a lipid monola...