BACKGROUND Gender differences, related to varying sexual hormone levels and hormone secretion patterns across the lifespan, contribute to women's vulnerability to mood disorders and major depression. Women are more prone than men to depression, from puberty onwards, with a specific exposure across the menopausal transition. However, controversy still exists in considering fluctuation/loss of es...

Clusters of galaxies offer a robust test bed for probing the nature of dark matter that is insensitive to the assumption of the gravity theories. Both Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) and General Relativity (GR) would require similar amounts of non-baryonic matter in clusters as MOND boosts the gravity only mildly on cluster scales. Gravitational lensing allows us to estimate the enclosed mas...

Antimicrobial resistance is without doubt one of the greatest current challenges to the effective treatment of infection and, by extension, to much of health care. Furthermore , there is every prospect of the problem continuing to worsen. A great deal has been said and written about resistance in the past few years, and this issue of the Journal consolidates some opinions as a contribution to t...

reuse, objects, systematic process Software reuse is a widely desired and oftentouted benefit of employing object technology (OT), yet too many object-oriented (00) reuse efforts fail because of too narrow a focus on technology. This column will explore the lessons of systematic software reuse from several perspectives, such as process, organization, management, methods, technology, architectur...