In a dc-magnetron discharge with argon feed gas, densities of copper atoms in the ground state Cu(S1/2) and metastable state Cu*(D5/2) were measured by resonance absorption technique, using a commercial hollow cathode lamp as light source. The operating conditions were 0.3 14 μbar argon pressure and 10 200 W magnetron discharge power. The deposition rate of copper in a substrate positioned at 1...

A cold test facility has been in operation since October 1998 at the IBR-2 reactor of JINR, Dubna. During four measurement campaigns, various samples of the ATLAS forward (FCAL) and hadronic end cap (HEC) calorimeter materials have been exposed to a fast neutron (En 100 keV) uence of about 10 16 n cm . The samples were immersed in a liquid argon cryostat, and an -cell has been used as purity mo...

This paper examines a new technique for measuring gas composition through the use of a spirometer. A spirometer is high precision pressure transducer which measures the speed of sound in a gas through the emission and reception of ultrasonic pulses, commonly used in medicine to measure patient lung capacity. The spirometer was successfully calibrated to measure gas composition to an accuracy of...

The aim of this chapter is to present the K-Ar and Ar-Ar dating techniques in the context of noble gas studies, since there are already several recent texts on K-Ar and ArAr dating (Dickin 1995; McDougall and Harrison 1999). The focus of this section will be aspects of argon transport and storage in the crust, which affect K-Ar and Ar-Ar dating including Ar-loss from minerals by diffusion and A...

This paper describes research on the electrical stunning of poultry and the problems of achieving an effective humane stun with water bath stunners. The welfare and meat quality advantages of using gas mixtures to stun and kill birds are then described. The evidence strongly suggests that chickens and turkeys can be killed very humanely using either 90% argon in air or a mixture of 30% carbon d...

Argon plasma coagulation (APC) is the most widely available technique for ablation of Barrett’s esophagus. When the argon plasma is applied, thermal injury to the epithelium results. The depth of injury is the function of the voltage, the gas flow, and the pressure applied to the probe. A series of 32 patients with high-grade dysplasia were treated with APC with 34 months of follow-up. Dysplasia

Supersonic expansion is a very powerful tool to produce an atomic beam with a well defined velocity and, by seeding a test gas in such an expansion, the energy of the test gas can be transferred, at least partially, to the very-low-temperature carrier gas. The case usually studied is the one of a heavy gas seeded in a light carrier gas and, in this case, the parallel temperature of the seeded g...

Crystal growth experiments (micro-pulling down or Czochralski methods, respectively) and DTA/TG measurements with Fe containing olivines (fayalite–forsterite solid solution) and with FeO (wustite) are performed. For both substances the oxygen partial pressure pO2 of the growth atmosphere had to be adjusted within the stability region of Fe 2+ for all temperatures ranging from room temperature t...

We experimentally studied the dependence of high harmonic generation in argon and molecular hydrogen on pressure changes in a gas jet that cause variations of the phase matching conditions and absorption. The study was performed at a peak laser intensity of ∼1.5 × 10(14) W/cm(2). To enable measurements over a wide range of pressures, we employed differential pumping with an additional cell (∼20...

A Gas Electron Multiplier with Micro-Induction Gap Amplifying Structure (GEM-MIGAS) is formed when the induction gap of the GEM is set between 50 and 100 mm using kapton pillars spaced at regular intervals. This configuration combines the properties of a GEM and Micromegas, allowing operation in tandem to generate high charge gains. We measured the essential operational parameters of this syste...