PURPOSE To investigate how arterial input functions (AIFs) vary with age in children and compare the use of individual and population AIFs for calculating gray matter CBV values. Quantitative measures of cerebral blood volume (CBV) using dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) require measurement of an AIF. AIFs are affected by numerous factors including patient a...

UNLABELLED The evaluation of every new radiotracer involves pharmacokinetic studies on small animals to determine its biodistribution and local kinetics. To extract relevant biochemical information, time-activity curves for the regions of interest are mathematically modeled on the basis of compartmental models that require knowledge of the time course of the tracer concentration in plasma. Such...

M. E. Loveless, J. Halliday, C. Liess, L. Xu, R. Dortch, J. Whisenant, J. C. Waterton, J. C. Gore, and T. E. Yankeelov Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, Imaging, Translational Sciences, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, Cheshire, United Kingdom, Biostatistics, Vanderbilt Univer...

Correct arterial input function (AIF) measurements in dynamic susceptibility contrast-MRI are crucial for quantification of the hemodynamic parameters. Often a single global AIF is selected near a large brain-feeding artery. Alternatively, local AIF measurements aim for voxel-specific AIFs from smaller arteries. Because local AIFs are measured higher in the arterial-tree, it is assumed that the...

PURPOSE To determine how injection rate, cardiac function, and breathhold influence the arterial input function (AIF), in order to optimize the AIF in the clinical setting for quantitative myocardial perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). MATERIALS AND METHODS Gd (0.1 mmol/kg) bolus was injected at 3, 5, or 7 mL/second in 35 patients. In each cardiac cycle during the first-pass, a...

Introduction: Bolus tracking MRI is a widely used technique for routine clinical assessment of cerebral hemodynamics in acute stroke. It has been shown that dispersion of the arterial input function (AIF) in the feeding arteries introduces systematic errors in the CBF and MTT estimates tending to exaggerate the severity of the perfusion deficit [1]. Dispersion is believed to be particularly fre...

Quantitative 3D Myocardial Perfusion Imaging at High Dose with Accurate Arterial Input Function Assessment Lukas Wissmann, Markus Niemann, Robert Manka, and Sebastian Kozerke Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Division of Imaging Sciences & Biomedical Engineering, King's...

PURPOSE To develop a postprocessing method to correct saturation of arterial input function (AIF) in T1-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for quantification of hepatic perfusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS The saturated AIF is corrected by parameterizing the first pass of the AIF as a smooth function with a single peak and minimizing a least-squares error in f...

To quantify cerebral perfusion with dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI (DSC-MRI), one needs to measure the arterial input function (AIF). Conventionally, one derives the contrast concentration from the DSC sequence by monitoring changes in either the amplitude or the phase signal on the assumption that the signal arises completely from blood. In practice, partial volume artifacts are inevitabl...

dceMRI is becoming a key modality for tumour characterisation and monitoring of response to therapy, because of the ability to identify the underlying tumour physiology. Pharmacokinetic (PK) models relate the contrast enhancement seen in dceMRI to physiological parameters but require accurate measurement of the AIF, the time-dependant contrast concentration in blood plasma. In this study, a nov...