The sociology of professions literature would predict that the contemporary state would not allow groups to continue unregulated or unreformed. However, this is indeed the case with the UK veterinary profession, with legislation dating back to 1966. Using an interdisciplinary analysis of published literature and reports, this paper assesses whether wider social, political and ethical dynamics c...

Analysis of the terms profession and professional is problematic, and this limits our understanding of professionalisation as a process. On the one hand, there seem to be no necessary or sufficient criteria to define a professional, yet there are undeniable status markers between existing professions. This paper suggests that confusion arises because of the legacy of naïve functionalism. Naïve ...

This article is "Retracted" at 2018/04/04 due to "Plagiarism" totally from "Erdoğmuş, İ. E., & Cicek, M. (2012). The impact of social media marketing on brand loyalty. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 58, 1353-1360."

We are on the verge of developing artificial intelligences that may dwarf the capabilities of human intelligence. How we will interact and thrive alongside such intelligence will be a pressing societal problem. This paper addresses the question of the intelligence of “artificial persons” (organisations of people) that already exist in our modern world. A particular issue – social exclusion from...

ince its adoption in 1997, the Unified Modeling Language (UML) has proved very popular with software engineers and has become the de facto standard as a visual modeling language for software engineers. However, this software focus of UML has discouraged many systems engineers from adopting it in earnest. Those who did adopt UML developed strategies to cope with its shortcomings. A common approa...

For most social media sites, how to find out (influential) users’ professions is an important task. Much work has been conducted to explore this task through mining user-generated textual content or analyzing the social network structure. In this paper, we innovatively solve this task by only examining which microblog messages an influential user has forwarded. First, we define hot microblog me...

Recording an album brings singers, producers, musicians, audio engineers, and many other professions together. We know from the press that a few “super”-producers work with many artists. But how does the large-scale social structure of the music industry look like? What is the social network behind the finest albums of all time? In this paper we studied the large-scale structure of music collab...

PURPOSE To evaluate the Artisan toric phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) for the correction of hyperopia and astigmatism. SETTING Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and Department of Ophthalmology, Sint Truiden, Belgium. METHODS In this prospective study of 47 eyes of 28 patients with hyperopia and astigmatism, Artisan toric pIOLs were implanted between April 1...