Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide for weed control in citrus orchards Brazil; therefore, it likely that several species have gained resistance to this and more than one resistant can be found same orchard. The objective was identify weeds glyphosate from different regions of São Paulo State (SP) determine how many are present within Seeds Amaranthus deflexus, A. hybridus, Bidens pilo...

BACKGROUND Launaea procumbens (L.) is traditionally used in the treatment of various human ailments including pulmonary damages. The present study was arranged to evaluate the role of Launaea procumbens methanol extract (LME) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced oxidative pulmonary damages in rat. METHODS 36 Sprague-Dawley male rats (170-180 g) were randomly divided into 06 groups. Aft...

In this study, the effects of an aqueous extract of the leaves of Tridax procumbens on the haematology, plasma biochemistry and ocular indices of oxidative stress was investigated in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced by injection of alloxan (80 mg/kg body weight), via the tail vein. The extract was administered orally at 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg (both to normal and diab...

The temperature-size rule, a form of phenotypic plasticity in which decreased temperature increases final size, is one of the most widespread patterns in biology, particularly for ectotherms. Identifying the environmental conditions in which this pattern is reversed is key to understanding the generality of the rule. We use wild and domesticated populations of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta...

The title penta-cyclic oxindole alkadoid, isolated from Uncaria longiflora, crystallizes as a methanol solvate, C(20)H(22)N(2)O(4)·CH(4)O. The five-membered ring comprising the indole fused ring is nearly planar [maximum atomic deviation = 0.031 (2) Å], whereas the five-membered ring having alphatic C atoms adopts an envelope shape (with the tertiary N atom representing the flap). The six-membe...

INTRODUCTION Gynura procumbens has been shown to decrease blood pressure via inhibition of the angiotensinconverting enzyme. However, other mechanisms that may contribute to the hypotensive effect have not been studied. OBJECTIVES To investigate the cardiovascular effects of a butanolic fraction of Gynura procumbens in rats. METHODS Anaesthetized rats were given intravenous bolus injections...

Heat treatment was one of the first transformative technologies in the southern African Middle Stone Age (MSA), with many studies in the Cape coastal zone of South Africa identifying it as an essential step in the preparation of silcrete prior to its use in stone tool manufacture. To date, however, no studies have investigated whether heat treatment is necessary for all silcrete types, and how ...