Motivated by the search for ways of a more efficient usage of the large, unexploited resources of methane, recent progress in the gas-phase activation of methane by ligated transition-metal ions is discussed. Mass spectrometric experiments demonstrate that the ligands can crucially influence both reactivity and selectivity of transition-metal cations in bond-activation processes, and the most r...

Tunneling through time-dependent potentials is of relevance to a number of physical problems. Using a WKB analysis Azbel' has recently studied the effects of a nonharmonic time-dependent perturbation embedded in an opaque potential barrier. He suggests the existence of three different regimes for transmission in such systems: direct tunneling, activation assisted tunneling, and elevator resonan...

The photo-assisted carbon dioxide (CO2) hydrogenation provides an efficient and straightforward method for producing solar fuels with high efficiency. However, the development of highly catalysts controllable selectivity long-term stability still faces major challenges. This study proves that energy can promote CO2 over Cu/ZnO efficiently at atmospheric pressure reduction products be controlled...

Endocannabinoids mediate retrograde signaling and modulate synaptic transmission in various regions of the CNS. Depolarization-induced elevation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration causes endocannabinoid-mediated suppression of excitatory/inhibitory synaptic transmission. Activation of G(q/11)-coupled receptors including group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) also causes endocannabin...

BACKGROUND Active-assistive range of motion exercises to gain shoulder elevation have been subdivided into gravity-minimized and upright-assisted exercises, yet no study has evaluated differences in muscular demands. HYPOTHESIS Compared with gravity-minimized exercises, upright-assisted exercises will generate larger electromyographic (EMG) activity. Compared with all active-assistive exercis...

a theoretical study of the kinetic and mechanism of 3-aug-cope rearrangement in gas phase was performed usingdet methods at b3lyp levels of theory with 6-3114ig(d,p) bass set at 298.i5k. equilibrium moleculargeometries and harmonic vibrational frequencies of the reactant, transition state did product were calculated. then,rate constant and activation thermodynamics parameters were calculated an...

this study was designed to compare the effectiveness of different activation treatments for activation of in vitro matured oocytes and their developmental potency in mcr2aa medium so as to obtain maximum number of embryos. a total of 1090 cumulus oocyte complexes (coc’s) were collected from 480 ovaries. in vitro matured oocytes were randomly divided into four groups. group 1 in vitro matured oo...

the goal of this study was to determine the effects of the l-type calcium channel blockers verapamil and diltiazem on the currents of voltage-gated potassium channel (fkv1.4δn), an n-terminal-deleted mutant of the ferret kv1.4 potassium channel. measurements were made using a two electrode voltage clamp technique with channels expressed stably in xenopus oocytes. the fkv1.4δn currents displayed...

In this research, finite element analysis of the conventional drilling and vibration assisted drilling is carried out. The ABAQUS software is employed for FE analysis. The Johnson-Cook models for both plastic deformation and damage are employed for FE simulation.The results of the FE analysis are then verified with experimental results in both conventional and vibration assisted drilling on Al ...

Despite the numerous experimental and theoretical studies on phosphate monoester hydrolysis, significant questions remain concerning the mechanistic details of these biologically critical reactions. In the present work we construct a linear free energy relationship for phosphate monoester hydrolysis to explore the effect of modulating leaving group pKa on the competition between solvent- and su...