We have developed a structured beams theory, computer simulation and experiment that lost rotational symmetry propagate in medium with general astigmatism. It transpires the astigmatic brings to light such hidden properties of as sharp growing orbital angular momentum exceeding sum radial azimuth numbers, well effect beam structure following cylindrical lens rotation.

AIM: To evaluate corneal astigmatic outcomes of femtosecond laser-assisted arcuate keratotomies (FAKs) combined with femtosecond-laser assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) over 12mo follow-up. METHODS: Totally 145 patients bilateral cataracts and no ocular co-morbidities were recruited to a single-centre, single-masked, prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing two monofocal hydropho...

original article   one type of electromagnetic fields, based on frequency range, is extremely low frequency (elf) fields. there are lots of reports about measuring elf-magnetic field (mf) in substations, power plants, cities and etc. this study aimed to compare the difference between measurement of three-axis and single-axis probe mf meters. elf-mf was measured by tes-1394 mf tester (three-axis...

PURPOSE To determine whether reduced astigmatism-corrected acuity for vertical (V) and/or horizontal (H) gratings and/or meridional amblyopia (MA) are present before 3 years of age in children who have with-the-rule astigmatism. METHODS Subjects were 448 children, 6 months through 2 years of age with no known ocular abnormalities other than with-the-rule astigmatism, who were recruited throug...

Background Astigmatic keratotomy (AK) remains an accessible means to correct surgically induced or naturally occurring astigmatism. The advantages of femtosecond laser-assisted astigmatic keratotomy (FSAK) over conventional methods have been recognized recently. Main text This review evaluates the efficacy, complications, and different methods of FSAK for correction of astigmatism in native e...

We use the extended Huygens-Fresnel integral to investigate propagation properties of a cos-Gaussian beam (cosGB) with astigmatism in atmospheric turbulence. The intensity distribution behaviour along distance for an astigmatic cosGB turbulence are analytically and numerically demonstrated. Some novel phenomena presented graphically, indicating that on-axial closely depend on parameter turbulen...