In this paper the effects of circular and elliptical cutout on the buckling behavior of a sixteen ply quasi-isotropic graphite/epoxy symmetrically laminated rectangular composite plate [0°/+45°/45°/90°]2s, subjected to various linearly varying in-plane compressive loads, numerically. Further, this paper addresses the effects of size of elliptical cutout, orientation of elliptical cutout, plate ...

The nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) alloys used in endodontics contain 56% Ni and 44% Ti. The 2 unique features related to clinical dentistry (i.e., shape memory effect and superelasticity) are due to the transition from austenite to martensite in Ni-Ti alloy. When a superelastic Ni-Ti alloy undergoes a low tensile loading, normal elastic behavior occurs. In fact, at higher tensile loads, the elastic s...

Effects of polyomavirus SV40 microRNA on pathogenesis of viral infections in vivo are not known. Syrian golden hamsters are the small animal model for studies of SV40. We report here effects of SV40 microRNA and influence of the structure of the regulatory region on dynamics of SV40 DNA levels in vivo. Outbred young adult hamsters were inoculated by the intracardiac route with 1×10⁷ plaque-form...

Martin-Löf’s intuitionistic type theory is a widely-used framework for constructive mathematics and computer programming. In its most popular form, type theory consists of a collection of inference rules inductively defining formal proofs. These rules are justified by Martin-Löf’s meaning explanations, which extend the Brouwer-Heyting-Kolmogorov interpretation of connectives to a rich collectio...

BACKGROUND Congenital transmission is a major source of new Trypanosoma cruzi infections, and as vector and blood bank control continue to improve, the proportion due to congenital infection will grow. A major unanswered question is why reported transmission rates from T. cruzi-infected mothers vary so widely among study populations. Women with high parasite loads during pregnancy are more like...

Atomically flat and clean metal surfaces exhibit a regime of ultra-low friction at low normal loads. Atomic force microscopy, performed in ultra-high vacuum on Cu(100) and Au(111) surfaces, reveals a clear stick-slip modulation in the lateral force but almost zero dissipation. Significant friction is observed only for higher loads (*4– 6 nN above the pull-off force) together with the onset of w...

In this paper, an efficient technique is presented for static analysis of tall buildings with combined tube-in-tube and outrigger-belt truss system while considering shear lag effects. In the process of replacing the discrete structure with an elastically equivalent continuous one, the structure is modeled as two parallel cantilevered flexural-shear beams that are constrained at the outrigger-b...

During rapid movements, tendons can act like springs, temporarily storing work done by muscles and then releasing it to power body movements. For some activities, such as frog jumping, energy is released from tendon much more rapidly than it is stored, thus amplifying muscle power output. The period during which energy is loaded into a tendon by muscle work may be aided by a catch mechanism tha...

Recent studies have revealed that the deployment of attention can be biased by the content of visual working memory (VWM), but that stored memories do not always interact with attention. This has led to a model which proposes a division within VWM between a single active template that interacts with perception and multiple accessory representations that do not. The present study was designed to...

A variety of rock engineering problems including drilling, cutting, abrasion and milling involve rock-tool contact and indentation. The pattern of indentation fractures and the role of slip conditions, surface roughness, tool radius, and initial aw size for an arbitrarily loaded contact are not fully known. The present paper aims to identify the elastic stress eld for a contact subjected to bot...