The biogeochemical cycling of sulfur (S) was studied during the 2000 snowmelt at Sleepers River Research Watershed in northeastern Vermont, USA using a hydrochemical and multi-isotope approach. The snowpack and 10 streams of varying size and land use were sampled for analysis of anions, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), S activity, and dS and dO values of sulfate. At one of the streams, dO values...

State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, California, USA Atmospheric Sciences Research Center, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, New York School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering a...

Atmospheric corrosion, the most common form of metal corrosion, occurs within the interfacial region between a solid, and the surrounding atmosphere. In fact three phases and two interfaces are involved: the gas, a thin liquid layer, a solid, the gas/liquid and the liquid/solid interfaces. In this thesis, the vapor/liquid and liquid/metal interfaces have been studied by the in-situ techniques v...

Describe various geographical environments in terms of their atmospheric corrosivity Summarize the main factors causing atmospheric corrosion Explain how these factors are measured Examine how the safety introduced by the massive usage of deicing salts has modified the corrosivity of road environments Design a testing program to establish the corrosivity map of a given site or even a country re...

We examine the possibility of determining the neutrino mass hierarchy in the limit θ13 = 0 using atmospheric neutrinos as the source. In this limit, in which θ13 driven matter effects are absent, independent measurements of ∆31 and ∆32 can, in principle, lead to hierarchy determination. Since the difference between these two is ∆21, one needs an experimental arrangement where ∆21L/E & 1 can be ...

Colors of the sky and colored displays in the sky are mostly a consequence of selective scattering by molecules or particles, absorption usually being irrelevant. Molecular scattering selective by wavelength – incident sunlight of some wavelengths being scattered more than others – but the same in any direction at all wavelengths gives rise to the blue of the sky and the red of sunsets and sunr...

The results of experiments on atmospheric neutrinos are summarized, with the important exception of Su-perkamiokande. The main emphasis is given to the Soudan-2 and MACRO experiments. Both experiments observe atmospheric neutrino anomalies in agreement with νµ → ντ oscillations with maximum mixing. The νµ → νs oscillation is disfavored by the MACRO experiment.

Planning for sustainable cities requires the inclusion of environmental aspects like air quality. Within a planning perspective of 20-30 years, there are various factors influencing future air quality: Worldwide: Climate change may change global background pollution levels and it will affect the atmospheric chemistry. Europe: Many efforts are taken to reduce emissions of air pollutants and clim...