Based on reviews of modelling techniques and data from flash fire field trials, models for the prediction of the burn area of a flammable cloud (in terms of fraction of mean LFL of the cloud), flame speed through the cloud and heat transfer from the flash fire have been produced. The validity of the typical assumptions used in the modelling of flash fires has been tested through comparison agai...

Distortions are often seen in the angular distribution of echo-power from VHF wind-profiling radars, suggesting that thin stable layers, within the air flow, are distorted and tilted from horizontal. In vertical shear of the horizontal wind, the distribution of the layer tilt angles becomes skewed. A case study using six days of VHF radar data and synoptic charts above western Europe indicates ...

carcinogen-DNA adducts and/or carcinogens which have re cently been developed in several laboratories. Such techniques involve determination of the presence in human tissues and cells, and in body fluids, of carcinogens and carcinogen-DNA adducts. The availability of individual, as opposed to group, measure ments of human exposure to a potential carcinogen may prove critical for establishing a ...

We develop an overlapping-generations model with human capital accumulation and endogenous fertility containing a pollution externality. In such a framework, we study the effects of an environmental policy change on individuals’ quality-quantity trade-off on children. In a Malthusian poverty trap, we show that a more stringent policy induces a reduction of the fertility rate. In a state of perp...

Atmospheric processes affecting air quality are very complicated, and scientific understanding of these processes has been evolving rapidly. To successfully simulate concentration levels and changes of atmospheric pollutants, it is highly desirable to have air quality models with full and flexible modularity at the science process level. Such a modular air quality model would significantly enha...

Phase gratings have become popular as local oscillator beam multiplexers for array receivers in the submillimeter wavelength domain. In general, binary or multilevel gratings, also known as Dammann gratings, are used [1][2][3][4]. Dammann gratings can be designed and manufactured easily and perform satisfactorily for most one{dimensional applications. Two{dimensional dispersion, however, is muc...

Estimating the future state of air quality associated with transport policies and infrastructure investments is key to the development of meaningful transportation and planning decisions. This paper describes the design of an integrated transportation and air quality modelling framework capable of simulating traffic emissions and air pollution at a refined spatio-temporal scale. For this purpos...

This paper presents Bingham-NODDI, a clinically-feasible technique for estimating the anisotropic orientation dispersion of neurites. Direct quantification of neurite morphology on clinical scanners was recently realised by a diffusion MRI technique known as neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI). However in its current form NODDI cannot estimate anisotropic orientation disp...

INTRODUCTION Emissions from power station stacks and many other anthropogenic sources have substantial vertical velocities and are often hot compared with the surrounding ambient air. These momentum and buoyancy effects cause the emitted plume to rise, increasing the effective source height and, in the main, reducing maximum ground level concentrations. It follows that an accurate prediction of...

Dome A is the highest point on the Antarctic Plateau, and the Chinese Expedition Team first arrived here in 2005 January. It is an excellent site for astronomical observations. The first-generation Chinese Antarctic optical telescope CSTAR has been operating on Dome A since 2008 January. The second-generation Chinese telescopes known as the Three Antarctic Survey Telescopes (AST3) are currently...