This paper examines the issue of gender equality within Islam in order to develop an ethical framework for businesses operating in Muslim majority countries. We pay attention to the role of women and seemingly inconsistent expectations of Islamic and western societies with regard to appropriate gender roles. In particular, we contrast a mainstream western liberal individualist view of freedom a...

This paper analyzes contactual situations between many principals and many agents. Agents have private information and principals take actions. Principals can contract not only on the reports of the agents but also on the contracts offered by the other principals. Contracts are required to be representable in a formal language. The main result of the paper is a full characterization of the allo...

the interaction between architecture and culture, defined in human and built-environment relationships, challenges both theoretical and practical fields of architecture. to have an affective confrontation to this challenge, it is more important to re-define both sides of this interaction, culture and architecture. cultural context should represent in architecture. there are some movements in th...

The present study examined the relationships between leadership styles and decision-making styles among public schools principals. A total of 108 principals returned questionnaires from Russaifa Education District in Jordan. The Decision Style Inventory and the Administrative Styles Questionnaire were used in this study. "Directive decision making style" was predominant among school principals,...

iranian islamic gardens like almost every cultures, represent beauty and happiness and improve the public perception. it has also special geometry with philosophical concept related to islam’s doctrine that is the focus of this research. following quran’s contents, paradise is a beautiful sophisticated garden that something flows under its trees. so the comparison between the somatic geometry o...

Gonu, the second tropical cyclone of the 2007 northern Indian ocean cyclone season, affected Oman, Pakistan, the United Arab Emirates and the Islamic Republic of Iran. This report examines the effects of cyclone Gonu in the Islamic Republic of Iran where it approached on its path on 6 June 2007 and reviews the actions taken before, during and after the cyclone. The incident highlighted the need...

We study games of public delegated common agency under asymmetric information. Using tools from non-smooth analysis and optimal control, we derive best responses and characterize equilibria (both continuous and discontinuous) using self-generating optimization programs of which any equilibrium allocation must be a solution. Special attention is given to common agency games in which each princip...

Bangladesh has realized a growth in child killings and abuse in recent years; most of the sufferers have been lowly and poor children. Islam strictly prohibits the all sorts of abuse towards child. Islamic basic norms to the child are love, mercy and compassion which are uniquely practiced by the Prophet (s.m). This article is attempted to grow attention of Islamic guidelines against the abuse ...

Existing research that estimates principals’ effects on student achievement has employed value-added models that have only limited usefulness for actual performance evaluation systems. Principals’ effects are typically identified through school leadership changes, meaning that effectiveness data cannot be generated for all principals and that effects are comparable only within small groups of s...

Old-age disability has become a public health concern. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of disability and its related factors among the elderly population in Kashan city, Islamic Republic of Iran. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a multistage random sample of 350 elderly people. The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II was used as the disability...