Meanings matter to people. Meanings are our symbolic representation of the world, helping us make sense of life and communicate with one another. We constantly define, interpret, translate, and express meanings— often unconsciously, usually implicitly. Many philosophers and psychologists would say that meaning-making is an intrinsically human activity, maybe even the defining human activity. Bu...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transcranial color-coded sonography (TCCS) via the suboccipital approach allows direct and continuous visualization of the basilar artery (BA). In this study, we intended to evaluate the ability of native TCCS in visualizing the length of the BA by means of a comparison with postmortem measurements. METHODS The BA was prospectively studied by TCCS shortly before death (...

Particulate biogenic barium (bio-Ba) fluxes obtained from three instrumented arrays moored in the Alboran Sea, the westernmost basin in the Mediterranean Sea, are presented in this study. The mooring lines were deployed over almost one year, from July 1997 to May 1998, and were equipped with sediment traps at ~500-700 m depth, ~1000-1200 m depth and 30 m above the sea floor (~1000-2200 m). The ...

The geochemistry of Ba, Ra, Th, and U and the potential of using Ra/Ba ratios as an alternative dating method are explored in modern and Holocene marine mollusc shells. Five modern shells of the Antarctic scallop Adamussium colbecki collected from the present day beach and six radiocarbon dated specimens from Holocene beach terraces of the Ross Sea region (Antarctic) between 700 and 6100 calibr...

PURPOSE Cholestatic liver injury is associated with a high production of free radicals. The pathogenesis of liver injury in biliary atresia (BA) patients is largely undefined. The goal of the present study was to clarify the oxidative damage and the changes in antioxidant enzyme activities that occur during the development of BA and after liver transplantation (LT). METHODS We enrolled BA pat...

BACKGROUND Betulinic acid (BA) is a lupane-type triterpene which has been considered as a promising agent to cure melanoma with no side effects. Considering that BA is naturally produced in small quantities in plants, we previously reported the success in engineering its production in yeast. In the present study, we attempted to improve BA biosynthesis in yeast by the use of different strategie...

0.094 ----TSB 37°C Baciillus sp. Clone 35 23 0.047 ----TSB 37°C Bacillaceae bacterium C22 21 1.7 ----BA 37°C Bacillus cereus 43 0.75 ----BA 30°C 38 0.5 ----TSB 30°C Bacillus fusiformis 14 1.5 ----BA 37°C Bacillus aquimaris 45 1.2 CXM30 4.25mm BA 30°C Bacillus pumilus 48 3.5 ----R2A 37°C Bacillus megaterium 32 0.064 ----BA 30°C 42 0.75 ----TSB 37°C 19 0.25 ----TSB 30°C 18 0.38 CXM30 1.75mm LB 37°C

Fig. 6 Effects of BA upon hepatic inflammation, determined by H&E stain, in mice with BA at 0, 0.05 or 0.1% for 4 weeks, and followed by APAP treatment. Normal groups had neither BA nor APAP treatments. BA groups had 0.1% BA intake without APAP treatment. Ishak inflammation score was used to quantify the injury area. Values are mean ± SD, n = 10. A representative image is shown for each group. ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Numerous studies have shown that cerebral vasospasm is one of the leading causes of death and neurological disability after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Most of these studies, however, have focused on anterior circulation vessels. Since the introduction of the transcranial Doppler (TCD), increasing attention has been given to basilar artery (BA) vasospasm, especially in traum...