The dynamics of charged particle beams interacting with laser beams and material targets in storage rings is presented. Formulas for the radiative damping, quantum excitation and equilibrium parameters of ion and electron beams determined by the backward rayleigh and backward compton scattering are derived. General case is considered. It takes into account the possibility of the periodical disp...

Recently, the standardization of backward compatible JPEG image coding for high dynamic range image has been undertaken to establish an international standard called JPEG XT. Currently, three profiles called Profiles A, B, and C have been proposed for JPEG XT. Whereas all these profiles perform their image coding in the spatial domain, this paper proposes a new coding approach by manipulating D...

The requirements analysis of critical software components often involves a search for hazardous states and failure modes This paper describes the integration of a forward search for consequences of reaching these forbidden modes with a backward search for contributing causes Results are reported from two projects in which the integrated search method was used to analyze the requirements of crit...

In this paper, a region-based fuzzy bidirectional flow process is presented for image noise removal and edge sharpening. An image is divided into three-type different regions according to image features: edges, textures and details, and flat areas. For edges, a shock-type backward diffusion is performed in the gradient direction to the isophote line (edge), incorporating a forward diffusion in ...

Suppose that a real valued process X is given as a solution to a stochastic differential equation. Then, for any twice continuously differentiable function f , the backward Kolmogorov equation gives a condition for f(t,X) to be a local martingale. We generalize the backward equation in two main ways. First, it is extended to non-differentiable functions. Second, the process X is not required to...

In this paper, we study forward-backward doubly stochastic differential equations driven by Brownian motions and Poisson process (FBDSDEP in short). Both the probabilistic interpretation for the solutions to a class of quasilinear stochastic partial differential-integral equations (SPDIEs in short) and stochastic Hamiltonian systems arising in stochastic optimal control problems with random jum...

This article studies the maximum principle for stochastic optimal control problems of forward-backward difference systems (FBS Δ Ss) where uncertainty is modeled by a discrete time, finite state process, rather than white noises. Two distinct forms FBS Ss are investigated. The first one described partially coupled equation E) and second fully E. We deduce adjoint adopting an appropriate represe...