نتایج جستجو برای: based discount
تعداد نتایج: 2940600 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Dynamic pricing has been used extensively in specific markets for many years but recent years has seen an interest in the utilization of this approach for the deployment of novel and attractive tariff structures for mobile communication services. This paper describes the development and operation of an Agent Based Model (ABM) for subscriber behavior in a dynamically priced mobile telephony netw...
Kirkalnd some cases fairly explicit solutions have been found for flows between different conformal field theories (section 4. This corresponds to the chaotic regime and the islands to the odd period windows.
of two fundamental or ontological premises embedded in Marxism, one relating the social and the spatial Order binary options Ewell of capitalist societies and the other linking time and space, history and geography. These experiments are hampered by the risk of obtaining heterogeneous isolated brain microvessels and low yields of mRNA.
Determining Consumers’ Discount Rates With Field Studies Because utility/profits, state transitions and discount rates are confounded in dynamic models, discount rates are typically fixed to estimate the other two factors. Yet these rate choices, if misspecified, generate poor forecasts and policy prescriptions. Using a field study wherein cellphone users transitioned from a linear to three-par...
We estimate discount rates of 555 subjects using a laboratory task and find that these individual discount rates predict inter-individual variation in field behaviors (e.g., exercise, BMI, smoking). The correlation between the discount rate and each field behavior is small: none exceeds 0.28 and many are near 0. However, the discount rate has at least as much predictive power as any variable in...
We develop a multi-asset trading model to examine the closed-end fund discount. The model shows that the discount can arise if the quality of private information in the underlying assets is sufficiently better than in the fund. The model also indicates that a discount (premium) can arise if the excessive volatility of the fund dominates (is dominated by) the fund’s diversification benefit. More...
Medicare beneficiaries used prescription drug discount cards, both Medicare and non-Medicare cards, to assist them in paying for the cost of prescription drugs. This article describes the beneficiary's awareness and understanding, sources of information, and experience with drug discount cards a year prior and during the implementation of the Medicare-Approved Prescription Drug Discount Card pr...
there is a long tradition in economics about the question of whether intergenerational discounting is fair or not. ramsey (1928) was the first economist that criticized the discounting and mentioned that the just rate of discounting is zero. in this paper it was tried to calculate the just rate of discounting for iran with respect to islamic thoughts. according to islam, intergenerational just...
Using data from financial reorganization plans filed by insolvent Canadian firms, we estimate the discount rate implicit in the unsecured creditors' reorganization decision. Using (HARA) utility functions, we find the implicit monthly discount rate of creditors to be 4.9%, which corresponds to an annual discount rate of 77%. This is 7 to 10 times higher than discount rates used in previous empi...
This paper reexamines the time consistency of discount functions as analyzed by Strotz (1956) and Koopmans (1960). Following on an observation by Heal (1998) regarding the time consistency of logarithmic discounting, I fully characterize the class of time consistent—but not necessarily autonomous—discount functions. I use my findings to explain an apparent “paradox” in the use of the gamma disc...
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