The front-end transmit/receive switch circuit is one of the essential elements in modern wireless handsets. The main function of the transmit/receive switch is switch the antenna either to the transmitter or the receiver. It must have high isolation in order to avoid the RF-power of the transmitter (PA) turning on the receiver (LNA), resulting in high loss or in the worst case damage. Low inser...

Pin structures on vector bundles are the natural generalization of Spin structures to the case of nonoriented bundles. Spin(n) is the central Z/2Z extension (or double cover) of SO(n) and Pin−(n) and Pin(n) are two different central extensions of O(n), although they are topologically the same. The obstruction to putting a Spin structure on a bundle ξ (= R → E → B) is w2(ξ) H(B;Z/2Z); for Pin it...

40 is a near branch, an analogous argument again shows that Pin(b) is q's lower-right quadrant. Thus, q is the closest connection between p, Pin(a) and Pin(b). Except for redundancies and pruning of sub-optimal trees, BB-SORT-C searches over all possible ways to construct a Steiner tree sequentially, such that each sink is added by a closest connection to some edge in the current tree. Thus, we...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a 3.5-mm-diameter anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tibial retrograde socket drilling pin versus a standard, 2.4-mm drill-tipped guide pin. A secondary purpose was to evaluate surgeon precision in identifying the true (anatomic) center of the ACL tibial footprint using arthroscopic visualization. METHODS Six matched pairs of cad...

This paper describes a novel optimized JTAG interface circuit between a JTAG controller and target IC. Being able to access JTAG using only one or two pins, this circuit does not change the original boundary scanning test frequency of target IC. Compared with the traditional JTAG interface which based on IEEE std. 1149.1, this reduced pin technology is more applicability in pin limited devices,...