Administration of large doses of estrogens has been shown to result in decreased conjugation and increased sulfation of bile acids as well as cholestasis. There have been no previous studies on the effects of low doses of estrogens on these parameters of bile acid metabolism. Therefore, rats were given ethinylestradiol, 0.06 to 600 micrograms/kg/day subcutaneously for up to 21 days and the in v...

Although it is well documented that blind loop of the small intestine, either spontaneously occurring (2) or experimentally produced (3-5), is associated with steatorrhea, the mechanism for this abnormality has not been demonstrated. A pathogenic role of bacteria is strongly suggested in this and closely associated conditions by the observations that bacterial overgrowth of the small bowel occu...

Familial hypertriglyceridemia (FHTG), a disease characterized by elevated plasma very low density lipoprotein triglyceride levels, has been associated with impaired intestinal absorption of bile acids. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that defects in the active ileal absorption of bile acids are a primary cause of FHTG. Single-stranded conformation polymorphism analysis was used...

Hepatic up-regulation of sterol carrier protein 2 (Scp2) in mice promotes hypersecretion of cholesterol into bile and gallstone formation in response to a lithogenic diet. We hypothesized that Scp2 deficiency may alter biliary lipid secretion and hepatic cholesterol metabolism. Male gallstone-susceptible C57BL/6 and C57BL/6(Scp2(-/-)) knockout mice were fed a standard chow or lithogenic diet. H...

In this qualitative study of the pattern of bile acid excretion in cholestasis, methods are described for the isolation of bile acids from large volumes of urine and plasma. The bile acids were subjected to a group separation and identified by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The techniques were developed to allow identification of the minor components of the bile acid mixture. Fo...

Acyl CoA Oxidase 2 (ACOX2) encodes branched-chain acyl-CoA oxidase, a peroxisomal enzyme believed to be involved in the metabolism of branched-chain fatty acids and bile acid intermediates. Deficiency of this enzyme has not been described previously. We report an 8-y-old male with intermittently elevated transaminase levels, liver fibrosis, mild ataxia, and cognitive impairment. Exome sequencin...

The effects of a four to six day fast on gallbladder bile lipid composition, bile acid pool size, bile acid composition, and cholic acid metabolism have been determined in normal human subjects. Total bile acid pool size and cholic acid pool size were measured before and after fasting by a one-sample technique previously validated in our laboratory. The rate of synthesis of cholic acid and its ...

3p-3H-Allochenodeoxycholic acid was administered by stomach tube to rats with bile fistulas. Bile collected during the first 21 hours contained 53 to 59% of the administered 3H. After hydrolysis and separation of the free bile acids by acetic acid partition chromatography, 95% of the chromatographed 3H was recovered as the unchanged acid, but 0.3% and 4.5% appeared in two trihydroxy acid region...