This paper presents a summary of the tests performed within a VAMAS (Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards) round robin to examine the measurement of mode II interlaminar fracture toughness using four different test methods based on: End Notched Flexure (ENF), Stabilised End Notched Flexure (SENF), End Loaded Split (ELS), and four point End Notched Flexure (4ENF) carbon fibre r...

Abstract In this paper, we challenge a wide-spread assumption among philosophers that contemporary physics supports physical state monism . This is the claim causal powers of system supervene upon ‘lower-level’ laws and lower-level cosmos (as represented by our ‘best physics’). On view, it makes sense to ignore macroscopic system’s higher-level properties in determining its powers, since any ar...

U-shaped thin-walled concrete bridge beams usually suffer the combined actions of flexure, shear and torsion, but no research about the behavior of U-shaped thin-walled RC beams under combined actions has been reported in literature. Three large specimens of U-shaped thin-walled RC beams were tested under different torque–bending moment ratios (T–M ratios) of 1:5, 1:1 and 1:0 to investigate the...

In this paper, an adaptive postprocessor figured with discrete cosine transform (DCT)-based block classification to effectively remove the so-called blocky effect from compressed video sequences is proposed. The proposed DCT-based detection algorithms for both intraframes and interframes require much lower computation complexity than the spatial-domain approaches. In order to preserve the edge ...

The 3D-scene representation format consisting of singlechannel video augmented with per-pixel depth has been considered as one of the promising candidates for 3D video delivery. It provides backward compatibility and is compression-effective as the gray-scale depth channel takes a relatively small fraction of the total bit budget. While compressed with standardized compression tools, such as H....

Lens flexure and residual astigmatism were evaluated with rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lenses made in low, medium, and high oxygen permeable (Dk) materials to determine if significant differences would be apparent as lens Dk was changed. Fourteen successful RGP contact lens wearers had their customary lens parameters, including lens thickness, held constant in duplicate pairs made in low (...

The flexure parallel mechanism (FPM) possessing selective actuation (SA) feature can be used as a micromanipulation system. The design of FPMs with the SA characteristic consists of type synthesis of parallel mechanisms possessing the required number of degree of freedom (DOF), geometric arrangement of the structure to obtain the SA and conversion of the kinematic mechanism into the flexure mec...

An inorganic-organic hybrid (IOH) of silica particulates and polyethylene (PE) was investigated, where silica was employed as an analogue to lunar soil. The objective was to search for the optimum materials design strategy for “lunar cements” – infrastructural materials based on locally harvestable resources on the Moon. If the silica particulate size was uniform, the flexure strength of the IO...

A theory is provided for piezoresistivity in carbon fiber reinforced cement (with and without embedded steel reinforcing bars) under flexure (three-point bending). The phenomenon, which involves the reversible increase of the tension surface electrical resistance and the reversible decrease of the compression surface electrical resistance upon flexure, allows strain sensing. The theory is based...