This review covers the operating conditions for extracting top value-added chemicals, such as levulinic acid, lactic succinic vanillic 3-hydroxypropionic xylitol, 2,5-furandicarboxylic 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, chitosan, 2,3-butanediol, and xylo-oligosaccharides, from common lignocellulosic biomass. Operating principles of novel extraction methods, beyond pretreatments, Soxhlet extraction, ultr...

ABSTRACT This paper reports a wavelength-tunable microfluidic optical source for the fluorescence of dye-labeled biochemicals. A pulsed micro-arc is struck between a metal anode and a microfluidic cathode filled with an aqueous solution of BaCl2. Atomic transitions from the Ba atoms, which are sputtered into the glow region, provide strong emissions at 493 nm and 454 nm wavelengths. Undesirable...

INTRODUCTION There is a critical need to develop clinical laboratory assays that provide risk assessment for men at elevated risk for prostate cancer, and once diagnosed, could further identify those men with clinically significant disease. METHODS Recent advancements in analytical instrumentation have enabled mass spectrometry-based metabolomics methodologies. Further advancements in chromat...

BACKGROUND Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a progressive disorder affecting the oral mucosa. OSMF predominantly seen in South-east Asian countries. There are some biochemicals parameters which are modify in oral submucous fibrosis; this alteration can be used as a tool for diseases progress and avert malignant transformation. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to evaluate the seru...

OBJECTIVES Metabolomics is defined as the comprehensive study of all low molecular weight biochemicals, (metabolites) present in an organism. Using a systems biology approach, metabolomics in umbilical cord blood (UCB) may offer insight into many perinatal disease processes by uniquely detecting rapid biochemical pathway alterations. In vitro haemolysis is a common technical problem affecting U...

Tumor markers are measurable biochemicals that are associated with a malignancy. They are either produced by tumor cells (tumor-derived) or by the body in response to tumor cells (tumor-associated). They are usually substances that are released into the circulation and then measured in the blood sample. There are a few exceptions to this, such as tissuebound receptors that must be measured in a...

Metabolomics, the latest "omic" technology, is defined as the comprehensive study of all low molecular weight biochemicals, "metabolites" present in an organism. As a systems biology approach, metabolomics has huge potential to progress our understanding of perinatal asphyxia and neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy, by uniquely detecting rapid biochemical pathway alterations in response t...

This study investigated interrelationships between the bovine ovarian cycle and white blood cells and tested the hypothesis that the ovary produces collagen-like materials with leukocyte attractant activity. We examined the in vitro secretion of leukocyte attractant activity by peri-ovulatory ovarian tissues and evaluated the leukocyte attractant potential of some ovarian biochemicals. Fluid fr...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been identified as the agent responsible for the vast majority of cases of posttransfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis. Although generally asymptomatic, ;85% of the infections become chronic with a wide spectrum of outcomes (1 ). Current assays developed to detect antibodies against HCV proteins are successful in detecting most cases of chronic HCV infection. Antibody tes...

background & aim: continuous use of antibiotics leads to drug resistance and thereby to a reduced efficacy of the drugs. antibiotics accumulate in the environment and fish pose a potential risk to consumers and to the environment.increased public awareness of the negative effects caused by overexposure to synthetic chemicals has led to the search for ‘‘green drugs’’, such as organic and syn...