It is considered that hypothalamus is important in the regulation of the blood glucose, but how chronic stress leads to hyperglycemia is not known. In this experiment, we used chronic immobilization stress rat as a model, and observed that only rats with increased expression of GAD65 in the amygdala had an elevated level of blood glucose. Considering there are fiber tracks between the amygdala ...

Alskär, O. 2018. Mechanism-Based Modelling of Clinical and Preclinical Studies of Glucose Homeostasis. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Pharmacy 248. 62 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-513-0247-8. Glucose is an important nutrient and energy source in the body. However, too high concentration in the blood is harmful and may lea...

Glucose is an important metabolic fuel and circulating levels are tightly regulated in most mammals, but can drop when body fuel reserves become critically low. Glucose is mobilized rapidly from liver and muscle during stress in response to increased circulating cortisol. Blood glucose levels can thus be of value in conservation as an indicator of nutritional status and may be a useful, rapid a...

We investigated the role of sensory nerves in glucose tolerance in conscious Wistar rats neonatally treated with neurotoxin capsaicin or vehicle. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTT, 150, 300 and 450 mg in 30 min) were performed to measure glucose tolerance, and glucose, insulin and glucagon levels were measured. Higher glucose concentration resulted in a greater insulin response in both...

There is no hard evidence yet for a positive effect of glucose–insulin–potassium infusion in sepsis, septic shock or burn patients. Each individual element of the glucose–insulin–potassium regimen, and eventually euglycaemia, should theoretically be beneficial. At present, evidence exists only for reduced mortality with strict metabolic treatment (i.e. blood glucose levels of 4.4–6.1 mmol/l) in...

Production and secretion of insulin from the β-cells of the pancreas is very crucial in maintaining normoglycaemia. This is achieved by tight regulation of insulin synthesis and exocytosis from the β-cells in response to changes in blood glucose levels. The synthesis of insulin is regulated by blood glucose levels at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Although many transcripti...

Glucose is one of the body's principal fuels. It is an energy-rich monosaccharide sugar that is broken down in our cells to produce adenosine triphosphate. ATP is a small packet of chemical energy that powers the millions of biochemical reactions that take place in the body every second.

The brain keenly depends on glucose for energy, and mammalians have redundant systems to control glucose production. An increase in circulating glucose inhibits glucose production in the liver, but this negative feedback is impaired in type 2 diabetes. Here we report that a primary increase in hypothalamic glucose levels lowers blood glucose through inhibition of glucose production in rats. The...