Lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a major cell wall component of gram-positive bacteria, is an amphipathic anionic glycolipid with structural similarities to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from gram-negative bacteria. LTA has been implicated as one of the primary immunostimulatory components that may trigger the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Plasma lipoproteins have been shown to sequester LPS, whi...

Remnants of lipoproteins, intestinal chylomicrons, and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), are rapidly cleared from plasma and enter hepatocytes. It has been suggested that remnant lipoproteins are initially captured in the space of Disse by heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), and that their subsequent internalization into hepatocytes is mediated by members of the LDL-receptor gene family. ...

An unexpected connection between a secretory protein called PCSK9 and Sec24A, a well known protein-transport protein, could lead to the development of novel treatments for patients with high levels of low-density lipoproteins in their blood.

Controversies abound in the areas of blood transfusion, albumin, lipoproteins in sepsis and pulmonary artery catheters. We are also making too many errors, but at least there is a new nitric oxide therapy in the offing.

Peritonitis is one of the most severe complications various diseases and injuries abdominal organs. The diagnosis peritonitis in a general sense implies any form severity inflammation peritoneum. Currently, problem remains actual, despite achievements scientific technological progress. So, successes modern surgery, asepsis antiseptics, rather wide possibilities antibacterial, infusion detoxific...

background: the serum concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c) is one of the important heritable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and is a target for therapeutic intervention. in this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (lcat) gene polymorphism rs5923 on lcat enzyme activity and serum hdl-c concentration. methods: the study...

The last decade has witnessed an explosion in studies of the role of lipoproteins in brain function. Neurons require a continuous supply of lipids for membrane synthesis and acetylcholine production. Indeed, the brain is a site of intense lipid turnover—even though the central nervous system (CNS) accounts for only 2.1% of body weight, it contains 23% of total body cholesterol.1 Lipid metabolis...

Lipoprotein and cholesterol metabolism in the brain involves metabolic pathways that are regulated independently of those in the peripheral circulation and tissues. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) restricts plasma lipids, including cholesterol and plasma lipoproteins, from entering or leaving the central nervous system (CNS). In the CNS, cholesterol is synthesized by astrocytes, oligodendrocytes,...

The physiological significance of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) transport in blood has been debated. We have recently reported a comprehensive sphingolipid profile in human plasma and lipoprotein particles (VLDL, LDL, and HDL) using HPLC-MS/MS (Hammad et al., 2010). We now determined the relative concentrations of sphingolipids including S1P in the plasma subfraction containing lipoproteins com...

Lipoprotein and cholesterol metabolism in the brain involves metabolic pathways that are regulated independently of those in the peripheral circulation and tissues. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) restricts plasma lipids, including cholesterol and plasma lipoproteins, from entering or leaving the central nervous system (CNS). In the CNS, cholesterol is synthesized by astrocytes, oligodendrocytes,...