Bluetongue virus (BTV) is a major pathogen of ruminants. Especially serotypes 1, 6, and 8 are of concern to veterinary authorities in central Europe. This article describes highly sensitive real-time reverse transcription-PCR assays directed to BTV genome segment 2 for specific detection of BTV-1, -6, or -8 in animal samples.

An infection with bluetongue virus type 17 can be regulated by the temperature of incubation to be either persistent, producing low levels of virus; lytic, producing a high titer of released virus; or latent, producing no detectable virus. The persistent and latent states are reversible.

Bluetongue (BT) is a viral disease causing morbidity and mortality in sheep, cattle and wild ruminants, including deer, sambar and bluebull. In this study we present the internal gene of outer coat protein, VP2 of bluetongue virus serotype 1 of Indian isolate was amplified from cDNA synthesized through RT-PCR using total RNA with specific forward and reverse primers. The PCR product was cloned ...

The surveillance of Bluetongue disease (BT) during 2009-2010 outbreaks in the districts of Chittoor, Nellore, Nizamabad, Krishna, Guntur, Kadapa and Ongole, Andhra Pradesh, India revealed the occurrence of high morbidity, mortality, abortions, stillbirths, loss of fleece, reduced meat production in affected sheep leading to the vast economic loss to the poor section of Indian farming community....

A model for the time evolution of bluetongue, a viral disease in sheep and cattle that is spread by midges as vectors, is formulated as a delay differential equation system of six equations. Midges are assumed to have a pre-adult stage of constant duration, and a general incubation period for bluetongue. A linear stability analysis leads to identification of a basic reproduction number that det...

A model previously developed for the wind-borne spread by midges of bluetongue virus in NW Europe in 2006 is here modified and applied to the spread of Schmallenberg virus in 2011. The model estimates that pregnant animals were infected 113 days before producing malformed young, the commonest symptom of reported infection, and explains the spatial and temporal pattern of infection in 70% of the...

Bluetongue virus (BTV) was sporadically isolated over a four year period (2010-2014) from several alpaca carcasses that were presented for necropsy at the Western Cape Provincial Veterinary Laboratory, South Africa. Typically, the a ected animals had a history of acute dyspnoea and progressive weakness before death. Consistent hydrothorax and severe lung oedema in all lead to a preliminary diag...