Information-theoretic fundamental limitation in feedback control system is an important topic for decades. In this paper, a new bode-like fundamental inequality in causal feedback control system is developed. This inequality relates directed information, mutual information and bode sensitivity functions. This inequality recovers previous known results in feedback system as special cases.

Abstract—A simple design for realizing a Bode-type amplitude equalizer is proposed. It allows any arbitrary, but RC realizable, shaping function and whole range. The Bode-type amplitude equalizer using current feedback amplifier is derived which can operate satisfactory at much higher frequencies compared to the operational amplifier based ones. Simulation results are in good agreement with the...

word count: 224 words Word count for text: 3005 Abstract Background. Risk factors for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) isolation in patients hospitalized for COPD exacerbation remain controversial. The aim of our study was to determine the incidence and risk factors for PA isolation in sputum at hospital admission in a prospective cohort of patients with AECOPD. Methods. We prospectively studied all...

OBJECTIVE To compare the Body mass index, airway Obstruction, Dyspnea, and E xercise capacity (BODE) index scores and its individual components between COPD patients with and without severe physical inactivity, as well as to correlate the number of steps/day with scores of physical activity questionnaires, age, and the BODE index (including its components). METHODS We included 30 patients, wh...

BACKGROUND In addition to smoking, acute exacerbations are considered to be a contributing factor to progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, these findings come from studies including active smokers, while results in ex-smokers are scarce and contradictory. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if frequent acute moderate exacerbations are associated with an acc...

RATIONALE Accurate prediction of mortality helps select patients for interventions aimed at improving outcome. OBJECTIVES Because chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by low-grade systemic inflammation, we hypothesized that addition of inflammatory biomarkers to established predictive factors will improve accuracy. METHODS A total of 1,843 patients enrolled in the Evaluati...